HYDROPHYLLACEAE. 763 



summit. Capsule 2-valved. Seeds 1-4, globose -obovoid. [Greek, water-leaf, refer- 

 ling to the supposed cavity for water in each leaf.] About 6 species, of N. Am. 

 Leaves, at least the lower, pinnatified or pinnately divided. 

 Calyx not appendaged in the sinuses or scarcely so. 



Plant sparingly pubescent; leaf-segments acute. I. H. Virginicum. 



Plant villous-hirsute; leaf-segments blunt. 2. H. macrophyllum. 



Calyx with a reflexed appendage in each sinus. 3. JJ. appendiculatum t 



Leaves palmately s-g-lobed. 4. H. Canadense. 



1. Hydrophyllum Virginicum L. VIRGINIA WATER- LEAF. (I. F. f. 2996.) 

 Perennial by scaly rootstocks ; stems slender, glabrous or nearly so, rather weak, 

 3-9 dm. long. Lower and basal leaves 1.5-2.5 dm. long, pinnately divided into 

 5-7 acute or acutish sharply toothed or incised segments 2-5 cm. long, glabrous 

 or with few scattered hairs; upper leaves, short -petioled, smaller, with fewer seg- 

 ments; cymes slender-peduncled; flowers white to violet purple, short- pedicelled; 

 pedicels strigose- pubescent; calyx-segments hispid; corolla about 8 mm. long. 

 In woods, Quebec to Alaska, south to S. Car., Kans. and Wash. May-Aug. 



2. Hydrophyllum macrophyllum Nutt. LARGE-LEAVED WATER-LEAF. 

 (I. F. f. 2997.) Perennial, villous-hirsute; stem 6-9 dm. high. Lower leaves 2-3 

 dm.' long, deeply pinnatifid or pinnately divided into 7 -I 3 obtuse dentate segments 

 2-8 cm. long; upper leaves smaller, shorter-petioled and with fewer segments; 

 cymes long-peduncled, very dense; flowers nearly white; calyx cleft to below the 

 middle, its lobes lanceolate, erect, white-hispid; corolla 10-12 mm. long; anthers 

 oblong; capsule densely white-hispid, enclosed by the calyx. In rich woods, Ohio 

 to Ala., III. and Tenn. April-June. 



3. Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Mtchx. APPENDAGED WATER-L.EAF. 

 (I. F. f. 2998.) Biennial, rough-hairy; stems weak, 3-6 dm. long, somewhat viscid 

 above. Lower and basal leaves pinnatifid or pinnately divided into 5-7 irregularly 

 dentate or incised segments; upper leaves ovate to orbicular, variously lobed, the 

 lobes acute and dentate; cymes loose, branched, the pedicels 8-20 mm. long; calyx 

 parted to near the base, enlarging in fruit, the segments triangular- lanceolate, 

 acuminate; corolla violet or purple, 12-14 mm. long. In woods, Out. to N. Car., 

 Minn, and Kans. May-June. 



4. Hydrophyllum Canadense L. BROAD-LEAVED WATER- LEAF. (I. F. f. 

 2999.) Perennial; stems glabrous or nearly so, 3-8 dm. high. Leaves nearly 

 orbicular, cordate, sparingly pubescent, at least above, 5-9 lobed, the lower often 

 3 dm. broad; upper leaves smaller; lobes ovate, acuminate, dentate; cymes dense 

 or becoming loose; pedicels short, nearly glabrous; calyx cleft nearly to the base, 

 its segments linear lanceolate, acute, nearly or quite glabrous, sometimes with a 

 minute tooth in each sinus ; corolla campanulate-rotate, white to purplish. In woods, 

 Mass, to N. Car., 111. and Ky. June-Aug. 



3. NEMOPHILA Nutt. 



Annual diffuse pubescent fragile herbs, with mostly pinnatifid or lobed leaves. 

 Flowers white, blue, or variegated, solitary, peduncled. Calyx with an appendage 

 in each sinus. Corolla campanulate or rotate-campanulate, usually with 10 small 

 appendages within at the base, the lobes convolute in the bud. Stamens included. 

 Ovary i-celled with placentae similar to those of Hydrophyllum ; styles partly 

 united. Capsule 2-valved. Seeds 1-4 in our species. [Greek, grove-loving.] 

 About 10 species, natives of N. Am. 



i. Nemophila microcalyx (Nutt.) F. & M. SMALL-FLOWERED NEMOPHILA. 

 (I. F. f. 3000.) Stems slender, 5-40 cm. long. Leaves membranous, petioled, 

 2-6 cm. long, pinnatifid or pinnately divided into 3-5 obovate cuneate or oblique 

 obtuse 2-3 -dentate or -lobed segments, the upper alternate, the lowest opposite; 

 peduncles 8-25 mm. long, opposite the leaves; flowers white or blue, 3-4 mm. loner; 

 appendages of the calyx minute; calyx scarcely enlarged in fruit; ovules 2 on each 

 placenta; corolla appendages obsolete or none; anthers oval; capsule about 3 mm. in 

 diameter, i-2-seeded. In woods, Va. to Fla., Ark. and Tex. April-June. 



3. MACROCALYX Trew. [ELLISIA L.] 



Annual hirsute or pubescent slender herbs, with pinnately divided or l-3-pin- 

 natifid leaves, and small white or bluish flowers. Calyx 5- lobed or 5-parted, 



