842 



FLORA. 



30. BARTSIA L. 



Herbs, partly parasitic on the roots of other plants, with opposite leaves, and 

 purple, pink, red or yellow flowers, in terminal leafy-bracted spikes. Calyx 4-toothed 

 or 4-cleft. Corolla very irregular, the tube straight or recurved, the limb 2- lipped; 

 upper lip erect, concave, entire; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didyna- 

 mous, ascending under the upper lip; anther-sacs similar, parallel. Capsule locu- 

 licidally dehiscent, several-many-seeded. Seeds horizontal, striate, or ribbed. 

 [Named for John Bartsch, a Prussian botanist, died 1738.] About 6 species of the 

 northern hemisphere. 



i. Bartsia alpina L. ALPINE BARTSIA. (I. F. f. 3328.) Perennial by short 

 rootstocks, pubescent, leafy, simple, or rarely with I or 2 short branches, 1-2.5 ^ in - 

 high. Leaves sessile, ovate, or ovate-oblong, crenate-dentate, 1-2.5 cm. long; 

 bracts similar, smaller, mostly shorter than the flowers; spike 25 cm. long; flow- 

 ers 1.5-2 cm. long, sometimes borne also in the upper axils; calyx 4-cleft; corolla 

 purple, its tube much longer than the calyx; anthers pubescent, at least on the 

 back; capsule ovoid-oblong, equalling or longer than the calyx. Lab. to Green- 

 land and the Arctic Sea. Also in Europe. Summer. 



31. ODONTITES Gmel. 



Annual herbs, half parasitic on the roots of other plants, with small opposite 

 leaves, and yellow or red flowers in terminal spikes or racemes. Calyx 4-toothed. 

 Corolla with a narrow tube and a strongly 2-lipped limb, the upper lip concave, 

 entire, or 2-lobed, the lower 3-lobed, spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascend, 

 ing; anther-sacs similar. Capsule loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds lew, pendulous. 

 [Greek, referring to its supposed value as a cure for toothache. ] About 20 species, 

 mostly of the Mediterranean region. 



I. Odontites Odontites (L.) Wettst. RED BARTSIA. RED EYEBRIGHT. 

 (I. F. f. 3329.) Appressed-pubescent, roughish, slender, 1.5-4 dm. high, the 

 branches erect or ascending. Leaves sessile, lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute or acuminate, serrate with low distant teeth, 1-4 cm. long ; spikes becoming 

 5-13 cm. long in fruit, somewhat I -sided; bracts similar to the leaves, but smaller; 

 flowers numerous, 8-10 mm. long; corolla red or pink, its tube somewhat longer 

 than the calyx; anthers slightly pubescent; capsule oblong, shorter than the calyx. 

 In fields and waste places, Me. to N. S. Nat. from Europe. June-Sept. 



32. ELEPHANTELLA Rydb. 



Herbs, blackening in drying, with pinnately divided leaves and toothed seg- 

 ments, and flowers in terminal many-flowered spikes. Calyx obliquely campanu- 

 late, 5-toothed. Corolla 2-lipped, tube almost included in the calyx, the upper lip 

 strongly arcuate, produced into a long filiform upturned beak, enclosing the long 

 style, the throat with a tooth on each side; lower lip very broad, 3-lobed. Stamens 

 and capsule as in Pedicularis. Three or four sub-arctic or sub-alpine species of 

 the northern hemisphere. Another species is found in the Sierra Nevada. 



i. ElephantellaGroenlandica(Retz.) Rydb. LONG-BEAKED ELEPHANTELLA. 

 (I. F. f. 3330.) Perennial, glabrous; stem simple, 3-5 dm. high. Leaves alter- 

 nate, lanceolate in outline, acute or acuminate, pinnately parted or the lower pin- 

 nately divided into lanceolate crenulate or incised segments, the upper sessile, the 

 lower slender-petioled, 5-15 cm. long; spike very dense; calyx 5-toothed, nearly 

 as long as the corolla-tube, the teeth short, acutish; corolla red or purple, thegalea 

 decurved against the lower lip and upwardly recurved beyond it; body of the 

 corolla 5-6 mm. long; capsule obliquely ovate, about 6 mm. long. In wet soil, 

 Lab., Greenland and Hudson Bay to the N. W. Terr., Br. Col., N. Mex. and Cal. 

 Summer. [Pedicularis Groenlandica Retz.] 



33 PEDICULARIS L. 



Herbs, with pinnately lobed cleft .or pinnatifid leaves, the flowers in terminal 

 spikes or spike-like racemes. Calyx tubular, cleft on the lower side or sometimes 

 also on the upper, or 2-5 -toothed. Corolla strongly 2-lipped, the upper lip (galea) 

 laterally compressed, concave or conduplicate, sometimes beaked; lower lip erect 

 or ascending, 3-lobed, the lobes spreading or reflexed, the middle one the smallest. 



