866 , . FLORA. 



ly rough-angled. Leaves smaller, 2.5 cm. in length or less, linear-oblong or slight- 

 ly oblanceolate, cuspidate, rough on the margins and midrib; cymes 2-9-flowered; 

 fruit 2-3 mm. broad, usually less hispid. In low grounds, Ont. to Br. Col., south 

 in the Rocky Mts. to Ariz, and to Cal. Also in Europe. G. spurium L., of 

 Europe, appears to have uniformly smooth fruit. May- Aug. 



7. Galium virgatum Nutt, SOUTHWESTERN BEDSTRAW. (I. F. f. 3414.) 

 Annual, 1-3 dm. high, usually hispid, sometimes nearly glabrous; stem slender, 

 4-angled. Leaves in 4*3, oblong or linear-oblong, 5-10 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, or 

 less; peduncles axillary, i-flowered, less than 2 mm. long, recurved in fruit; 

 flower white, subtended by 2 large oblong to lanceolate bracts which closely re- 

 semble the leaves; fruit about 2 mm. in diameter, covered with slender barbed 

 bristles. Tenn. and Mo. to Ark., La. and Tex. April-June. 



8. Galium pilosum Ait. HAIRY BEDSTRAW. (I. F. f. 3415.) Perennial, 

 hirsute-pubescent; stems ascending, branched, 3-7 dm. long. Leaves in 4's, oval 

 or oval-ovate, punctate, I -nerved, obtuse, or obscurely 3-nerved at the base, mu- 

 cronulate, 1-2.5 cm - l n g> 6-10 mm. wide, the lower usually smaller; peduncles 

 axillary and terminal; cymes numerous, few- flowered; pedicels 2-12 mm. long, 

 flowers yellowish purple; fruit densely hispid, nearly 4 mm. in diameter. In dry 

 or sandy soil, Mass, to Ind., Kans., Fla. and Tex. June-Aug. 



Galium pilosum puncticulftsum (Michx.) T. & G. Glabrous or nearly so ; leaves 

 smaller, ciliate. Southern N. J. to Fla. and Tex. 



9. Galium lanceolatum Torr. TORREY'S WILD LIQUORICE. (I. F. f. 

 3416.) Perennial, glabrous or nearly so, the stems minutely roughened, 3-6 dm. 

 high. Leaves in 4's, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acutish or acuminate, 3-nerved, 

 ciliate on the margins and nerves, 2.5-6.5 cm. long, 1-2.2 cm. wide, the lower 

 smaller and obtuse or obtusish ; cymes rather few- flowered, loose, widely branched ; 

 flowers sessile or nearly so; corolla glabrous, yellowish green to purple, its lobes 

 acuminate; fruit hispid with long hairs, 4-5 mm. broad. In dry woods, Quebec 

 and Ont. to Minn., N. J., Va., Penn. and Mich. June-Aug. 



10. Galium circaezans Michx. WILD LIQUORICE. CROSS-CLEAVERS. (I. F. f. 

 3417.) Perennial, more or less pubescent, branched, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves in4*s, 

 oval, oval-lanceolate or ovate, obtuse or obtusish, 3-nerved, 1-3. 6 cm. long, 8-i6mm. 

 wide, usually somewhat pubescent on both surfaces, the lower smaller; cymes 

 divaricately branched; flowers sessile or nearly so, greenish; corolla hirsute with- 

 out, its lobes acute ; fruit hispid, similar to that of the preceding species, at length 

 deflexed. In woods, Quebec and Ont. to Minn., Fla., Kans. and Tex. May-July. 



Galium circaezans glabellum Britton. Foliage nearly or quite glabrous; corolla 

 glabrous. N. Y. 



11. Galium Kamtschaticum Steller. NORTHERN WILD LIQUORICE. (I. F. 

 f. 3418.) Similar to the preceding species, but weak, smaller; stems 1-4 dm. 

 long. Leaves in 4's, broadly oval, orbicular or obovate, thin, 3-nerved, obtuse, 

 mucronulate, 1-3.6 cm. long, 8-25 mm. wide, glabrate, or pubescent with short 

 scattered hairs on the upper surface and on the nerves beneath, sometimes ciliate; 

 flowers few, all on pedicels 4-12 mm. long; corolla glabrous, yellowish green, its 

 lobes acutish; fruit hispid, 4 mm. broad. In mountainous regions, Quebec, north- 

 ern N. E. and northern N. Y. Also in northeastern Asia. Summer. 



12. Galium boreale L. NORTHERN BEDSTRAW. (I. F. f. 3419.) Erect, 

 perennial, smooth and glabrous, strict, leafy, 3-7 dm. high. Leaves in 4's, lance- 

 olate or linear, 3-nerved, 2.5-6.5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, the margins sometimes 

 ciliate; panicles terminal, dense, many -flowered, the flowers white in small com- 

 pact cymes; fruit hispid, at least when young, sometimes becoming glabrate when 

 mature, about 2 mm. broad. In rocky soil or along streams, Quebec to Alaska, 

 N. J., Penn., Mich., Mo., Neb., N. Mex. and Cal. Also in Europe and Asia. 

 May- Aug. 



13. Galium triflorum Michx. SWEET-SCENTED OR FRAGRANT BEDSTRAW. 

 (I. F. f. 3420.) Perennial, diffuse, procumbent or ascending, glabrous or near- 

 ly so, shining, fragrant in drying, the stems and margins of the leaves sometimes 

 roughened. Leaves in 6's, narrowly oval or slightly oblanceolate, I -nerved, cus- 

 pidate, narrowed at the base, 2. 5-9 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide; peduncles slender, 

 often exceeding the leaves, 3 -flowered or branched into 3 pedicels which are 1-3- 

 flowered; flowers greenish; fruit 3-4 mm. broad, hispid with hooked hairs; seed 



