COMPOSITAE. 997 



high. Leaves acute, acuminate or obtuse at the apex, narrowed at the base, rough 

 or appressed-hispid above, densely pubescent or canescent beneath, 5-10 cm. long, 

 2-4 cm. wide, all alternate, or the lower opposite; heads solitary or few, 5-7 cm. 

 broad; bracts lanceolate, acutish, canescent, appressed; rays 8-15, pistillate or 

 neutral, linear- oblong, yellow; achenes scabrous or pubescent, broadly winged. 

 On dry prairies and in thickets, Ohio to Ga.. Iowa, Kans. and Tex. June-July. 



4. Vcrbesina encelioides t^Cav.) A. Gray. GOLDEN CROWNBEARD. (I. F. 

 3923.) Annual; stem densely puberulent, much branched, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves 

 thin, 5-10 cm. long, acuminate; acute or blunt at the apex, green and minutely 

 pubescent above, pale and densely canescent beneath, all alternate, or the lowest 

 opposite, narrowed at the base into naked or wing-margined petioles, which are often 

 provided with dilated appendages at the base; heads 3-5 cm. broad; involucre 

 hemispheric, about 12 mm. high, its bracts lanceolate, canescent; rays 12-15, 

 bright golden yellow, 3-toothed; achenes of the disk-flowers obovate, winged, 

 pubescent; those of the ray-flowers rugose, thickened, often wingless. In moist soil, 

 Kans. to Tex., Ariz, and Mex. Also in Fla., and widely distributed in warm 

 regions as a weed. Summer. 



5. Verbe.ina alternifolia (L.) Britton. ACTINOMERIS. (I. F. f. 3924.) 

 Perennial; stem puberulent or glabrous, narrowly winged, or wingless, simple or 

 branched near the summit, leafy, 1.2-3 m - high- Leaves oblong-lanceolate or 

 lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, serrulate or entire, rough or roughish on both sides, 

 gradually narrowed to the sessile base, or the lower short-petioled, 1-3 dm. long, 

 1-7 cm. wiJe, sessile, short-petioled, alternate, or the lower opposite and slender- 

 petioled; heads numerous, 3-5 cm. broad, corymbose-paniculate; rays 2-10, yellow; 

 achenes broadly winged or nearly wingless, sparingly pubescent. In rich soil, N. J. 

 to western N. Y., Iowa, Fla., Kans. and La. Aug. -Sept. 



66. COREOPSIS L. 



Herbs, with opposite leaves, or the upper alternate, and large long-peduncled 

 heads of both tubular and radiate flowers, the rays yellow, or brown at the base, or 

 brown throughout, or pink. Involucre usually hemispheric, its bracts in 2 distinct 

 series, all united at the base, those of the outer series commonly narrower and 

 shorter than the inner. Receptacle flat or slightly convex, chaffy, the chaff flat or 

 concave. Ray- flowers neutral. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile, their corollas with 

 slender tube and broader 5-toothed limb. Anthers mostly entire at the base. 

 Achenes flat, orbicular to oblong. Pappus of 2 short teeth; or a mere coroniform 

 border, or none. [Greek, bug-like, referring to the achenes.] About 50 species, 

 natives of America, S. Africa and Australasia. In addition to the following, some 

 10 others occur in the southern and western U. S. 



* Rays pink, or occasionally white; leaves linear, entire. 



i. C. rosca. 



* * Rays yellow with a brown base, or brown; lower leaves pinnately divided. 

 Lobes of the lower leaves oblong or oval ; achenes winged. 2. C. cardaminefolta. 



Leaf-lobes all linear-lanceolate ; achenes wingless. 3. C. tinctoria, 



* * * Rays yellow throughout. 

 i. Leaves sessile, rigid, palmately 3-lobed below the middle. 



4. C. palmata. 



2. Leaves sessile, some or all 3-divided to the base, appearing verticillate. 

 Leaf-segments oblong or lanceolate, entire. 5. C. major. 



Leaf-segments i-2-pinnately parted. 



Divisions of the segments linear-lanceolate. 6. C. delphinifolia. 



Divisions of the segments very narrowly linear. 7. C. verticillata. 



3. Stem-leaves sessile or petioled, entire, or the lower 3~5-lobed ; achenes often with a 



callus at each end on the inner side. 

 Glabrous or nearly so ; stem-leaves lanceolate ; achenes winged. 



8. C. lanceolata. 

 Plants hirsute, hispid or pubescent, at least below. 



Plant leafy, 6-12 dm. high ; stem-leaves oblong to ovate, acutish. 



9. C. pubescens. 

 Leaves few ; plants 3-6 dm. high ; stem-leaves mostly obtuse. 



Achenes broadly winged; basal leaves oblong. 10. C. crassifolia. 



Achenes narrowly winged ; basal leaves nearly orbicular. 



ii. C. auricvlata. 



