1004 FLORA. 



bipinnately divided; heads 2.5-3 cm. broad; outer bracts of the involucre about 

 8, subulate-linear, equalling or more than half as long as the inner, which are 

 united not higher than the middle; rays 6-IO, somewhat spatulate, 3-lobed; disk 

 purple or brown; achenes linear-oblong, straight, or slightly curved, the outer 

 ones strongly papillose. In dry soil, Neb. to Tex. June-Aug. 



2. Thelesperma intermedium Rydb. INTERMEDIATE THELESPERMA. 

 (I. F. f. 3952.) Perennial from a deep woody root; stem rigid, usually much 

 branched, 3-4 dm. high. Leaves usually numerous, 4-5 dm. long, less compound 

 than those of the preceding species; outer bracts of the involucre lanceolate-subu- 

 late, usually much shorter than the inner ones, which are united to about the 

 middle; rays and achenes similar to those of the preceding. In dry soil, Wyo., 

 Colo, and Neb. June-Aug. It has been confused with the southwestern T. ambi- 

 guum, which is less leafy and has a slender rootstock. 



3. Thelesperma gracile (Torr.) A. Gray. RAYLESS THELESPERMA. (I. F. 

 f. 3953.) Perennial from a deep root; stem rigid, 3-9 dm. high, the branches nearly 

 erect. Leaves rigid, erect or ascending, 5-7 cm. long, pinnately or bipinnately 

 divided into linear segments, or the upper linear and entire ; heads 1.2-2 cm. 

 broad; rays usually none, sometimes present and 4-6 mm. long; outer bracts of 

 the involucre 4-6, oblong or ovate, mostly obtuse, very much shorter than the 

 inner ones which are united to the middle or beyond; disk yellow, or brownish; 

 outer achenes slightly papillose. On dry plains, Neb. and Wyo. to Tex., northern 

 Mex. and Ariz. May -Aug. 



69. GALINSOGA R. & P. 



Annual branching herbs, with opposite, mostly petioled leaves, and small 

 >eduncled heads of both tubular and radiate flowers, terminal and in the upper 

 .ixils. Involucre hemispheric or broadly campanulate, its bracts in 2 series, ovate, 

 obtuse, membranous, striate, nearly equal, or the outer shorter. Receptacle conic or 

 elongated, its thin chaff subtending the disk-flowers. Ray-flowers white, pistil- 

 late, fertile, the rays 4 or 5, short. Disk-flowers yellow, perfect, the corolla 

 5 -toothed. Anthers minutely sagittate at the base. Style-branches tipped with 

 acute appendages. Achenes angled, or the outer ones flat. Pappus of the disk- 

 flowers of several short laciniate or fimbriate scales, that of the ray- flowers of 

 several or few short slender bristles, or none. [Named in honor of M. M. Galin- 

 soga, superintendent of the Botanic Gardens at Madrid.] About 5 species, natives 

 of tropical and warm temperate America. 



i. Galinsoga parviflora Cav. GALINSOGA. (I. F. f. 3954.) Slightly 

 appressed-pubescent, 3-9 dm. high. Leaves thin, ovate or deltoid -ovate, 3-nerved, 

 2-8 cm. long, acute at the apex, mostly obtuse at the base, dentate, the lower 

 slender-petioled, the upper short-petioled or sessile, and sometimes nearly or quite 

 entire; heads usually numerous, 4-6 mm. broad, slender-peduncled ; bracts of the 

 involucre glabrous or nearly so, the outer shorter; pappus of the disk flowers 

 4-16, oblong to spatulate, fimbriate obtusish scales, shorter than the finely pubes- 

 cent obpyramidal acliene. In door-yards and waste places, eastern Mass, to Ore., 

 N. Car., Kans. and Mex. Nat. from tropical Am. June-Nov. 



Galinsoga parviflbra hlspida DC. Pubescence more abundant, especially above, 

 spreading ; pappus of the disk-flowers attenuate, bristle-tipped. In waste places, R. I. 

 to Penn., N. Car. and Wis. 



70. ACTINOSPERMUM Ell. 



Erect herbs, with alternate entire narrow punctate leaves, and large terminal 

 heads of both tubular and radiate yellow flowers, or those of the disk purplish. 

 Involucre hemispheric, its small bracts imbricated in several series, appressed, or 

 with spreading tips, the outer shorter. Receptacle convex, deeply honey-combed, 

 chaffy, the persistent chaff coriaceous or cartilaginous, laterally united, subtending 

 the disk-flowers. Rays large, neutral, toothed. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile, the 

 corolla 5 -toothed. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches with truncate 

 subulate tips. Achenes turbinate, silky- villous. Pappus of 7-12 scarious nearly 

 "qual scales. [Greek ray-seed.] Two known species, natives of the south- 

 istern U. S. 



