COMPOSITAE. 1 1 1 



80. GAILLARDIA Foug. 



Branching or scapose, pubescent herbs, with alternate or basal leaves, and large 

 peduncled heads of both tubular and radiate flowers, or rays wanting. Involucre 

 depressed-hemispheric, or flatter, its bracts imbricated in 2 or 3 series, their tips 

 spreading or reflexed. Receptacle convex or globose, bristly, fimbrillate or nearly 

 naked. Rays cuneate, yellow, purple, or parti -colored, neutral or rarely pistillate, 

 3-toothed or 3-lobed. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile, their corollas with slender tubes 

 and 5-toothed limbs, the teeth pubescent with jointed hairs. Anthers minutely 

 sagittate or auricled at the base. Style-branches tipped with filiform or short 

 appendages. Achenes turbinate, 5-ribbed, densely villous, at least at the base. 

 Pappus of 6-12 i-nerved awned scales, longer than the achene. [Named for M. 

 Gaillard de Marentonneau, a French botanist.] About 12 species, natives of the 

 U. S. and Mex., I in southern S. Am. 



Stem leafy; style-tips with filiform hispid appendages. 



Fimbrillae of the receptacle obsolete, or short; southern. i. G. lanceolata. 



Fimbrillae subulate or bristle-like, mostly longer than the achenes. 



Rays yellow; fimbrillae exceeding the achenes. 2. G. aristata. 



Rays purple, or red at base; fimbrillae about equalling the achenes. 



3. G. pulchella. 

 Leaves basal; style-tips with short naked appendages; rays none, or few. 



4. G. suavis. 



1. Gaillardia lanceolata Michx. SWEET GAILLARDIA. (I. F. f. 3975.) 

 Annual, or perhaps perennial; stem puberulent with jointed hairs, or cinereous, 

 usually branched, 4-9 dm. high, the branches straight, nearly erect. Stem-leaves 

 sessile, spatulate or linear, entire or sparingly serrate, puberulent ciliolate, acute 

 or obtusish and mucronulate at the apex, narrowed to the base, 3-7 cm. long, 4-8 

 mm. wide; basal leaves broader, very obtuse, sometimes short-petioled; heads 3-5 

 cm. broad, long-peduncled; flowers sweet-scented; bracts of the involucre about 

 equalling the violet disk; rays 8-12, yellow or reddish with darker veins, rarely 

 none; achenes villous at the base, or to beyond the middle; awns of the pappus 

 slender. In dry woods, Kans. to Tex., east to S. Car. and F.a. May-Sept. 



2. Gaillardia aristata Pursh. GREAT-FLOWERED GAILLARDIA. (I. F. 

 f- 3976.) Perennial; stem simple, or little branched, hirsute, or densely pubescent 

 with jointed hairs, 3-9 dm. high. Leaves firm, densely and finely pubescent, the 

 lower and basal ones petioled, oblong or spatulate, laciniate, .pinnatifid or entire, 

 mostly obtuse, 5-12 cm. long; upper leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblong, or slightly 

 spatulate, smaller, entire or dentate, rarely pinnatifid; heads 4-10 cm. broadj 

 long-peduncled; bracts of the involucre lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute; achenes 

 villous, at least at the base. On plains and prairies, Minn, to the JN". W. Terr., Br. 

 Col., Kans., Colo, and N. Mex. Leaves sometimes all basal. May-Sept. 



3. Gaillardia pulchella Foug. SHOWY GAILLARDIA. (I. F. f. 3977.) An- 

 nual; diffusely branched at the base, the branches ascending, 15-35 cm ' high* or 

 larger in cultivation, more or less hirsute or pubescent with jointed hairs. Leaves 

 lanceolate, oblong, or the lower spatulate, 3-7 cm. long, entire, dentate or sinuate- 

 pinnatifid, all but the lowest sessile; heads 3-7 cm. broad, long-peduncled, bracts 

 of the involucre lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute or pubescent: achenes more or less 

 villous, or glabrous. In dry soil, Neb. and Kans. to La., Mex. and Ariz. May- 

 Sept. 



4. Gaillardia suavis (A. Gray) Britt. Rusby. RAYLESS GAILLARDIA. 

 (I. F. f. 3978.) Annual or biennial. Leaves in a basal tuft, or a few near the 

 base of the slender pubescent scape, spatulate or obovate in outline, 5-15 cm. long, 

 pinnatifid, dentate, or some of them entire; scape 3-6 dm. high, monocephalous; 

 head about 25 mm. broad, with the odor of heliotrope, globose in fruit; rays none, 

 or short and pistillate, or a few of them longer and neutral; bracts of the involucre 

 oblong or lanceolate, sparingly pubescent; fimbrillae of the receptacle obsolete; 

 achenes densely villous; pappus-scales broad, their awns very slender. Ill dry 

 rocky soil, Kans. to Tex. April-June* \Q. simplex Scuede.J 



