THE FARM 311 



facture of soap. The hides are converted into leather. 

 From the hoofs, horns, bones, and the scrap parts, gelatine 

 and glue are made. The bones are ground for chicken feed, 

 and for fertilizer, or are charred to be used as boneblack in 

 refining sugar to make it white. Both the hair and the 

 blood have their uses. 



FIG. 100. Pasteurizing apparatus for use in a home. 



SUMMARY 



Meats of all kinds must be thoroughly cooked to destroy any trichinae 

 there may be in .the lean meat from the hog, or tapeworms in the lean 

 meat from cattle. Cooking is likely to render harmless any poisonous 

 products present. 



So readily does milk serve as a carrier of germs of such diseases as 

 typhoid and diphtheria that utmost precautions must be observed 

 concerning the care of it from milking time to its delivery to the con- 

 sumer. No one having an infectious disease should be permitted to 

 have anything to do with handling milk. All dairy utensils must be 

 thoroughly sterilized before use, and only water known to be uncon- 

 taminated should ever be used in washing and rinsing them. 



Milk from which the butter-fat has been separated for sale to butter- 

 making establishments is kept on the farm for use as food for calves, 

 chickens, and pigs, and these animals become added sources of income 

 in connection with the dairy industry. 



