POISONING BY PLANTS. GENERAL PRINCIPLES 23 



and antitoxin enter into chemical union, that each toxin possesses a specific 

 atom group by means of which it is bound to a preexisting side chain of 

 the affected cell, and that these side chains, under the influence of repeated 

 toxin stimulation, are overproduced eventually and cast off by the cell 

 into the circulation where they act as the antitoxin. 



The phy to toxins act directly with erythrocytes in a manner like saponin. 

 They do not require the presence of amboceptors and complements as in 

 serum hemolysis, but produce hemolysis directly. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



GREENE, CHARLES W.: Experimental Pharmacology. A Laboratory Guide. P. 



Blakiston's Son & Co., Philadelphia, 1909. 

 HAAS, PAUL and HILL, T. G.: An Introduction to the Chemistry of Plant Products. 



Longmans, Green and Co., second edition, London and New York, 1917. 

 Hiss, PHILIP H. and ZINSSER, HANS: A Text-book of Bacteriology. D. Appleton and 



Co., New York, 1918. 

 KOLMER, JOHN A.: A Practical Text-book of Infection Immunity and Specific Therapy. 



W. B. Saunders Co., Phila., 1917. 

 LONG, HAROLD C.: Plants Poisonous to Live Stock. Cambridge: at the University 



Press, 1917. 



MARSHALL, CHARLES E.: Microbiology. P. Blakiston's Son &Co., Philadelphia, 1911. 

 MAY, PERCY: The Chemistry of Synthetic Drugs. Longmans, Green and Co., New 



York, 1911. 

 PAMMEL, L. H.: A Manual of Poisonous Plants. The Torch Press, Cedar Rapids, 



Iowa, Part I, 1910. 

 PEMBRAY, U. S. and PHILLIPS, C. D. F.: The Physiological Action of Drugs. Edward 



Arnold, London, 1901. 

 STITT, E. R.: Practical Bacteriology, Blood Work and Animal Parasitology. P. 



Blakiston's Son & Co., Philadelphia, 1914. 

 WELLS, H. GIDEON: Chemical Pathology (second edition). W. B. Saunders Co., 



Philadelphia, 1914. 



LABORATORY WORK 



Suggestion to Teachers. A supply of small animals can be kept in cages in. the 

 msement of the laboratory for the purpose of testing out the poisonous effect of various 

 suspicious poisonous plants. White mice, white rats, guinea pigs, frogs and the like 

 can be kept in captivity. Wild mice and rats caught alive in traps might also be 

 used and the common kinds of pigeons. 



A supply of poisonous drugs (carefully safeguarded) should be kept and the various 

 reagents used in testing them also. The laboratory should be equipped with the 

 necessary glass ware, Bunsen burners and chemical apparatus for the use of the class. 



