viil PREFACE 



or elsewhere, where the climatic conditions of the winter months permit, 

 can reverse the treatment of the subject by beginning the course with the 

 contents of Chapter 10 and end the course with the perhaps less familiar 

 and technical chapters (Chapters 1-9 inclusive). In fact this arrange- 

 ment was suggested by a prominent teacher of agricultural botany, as 

 the logical treatment of the subject matter of the text-book. 



Where a text-book is considered advisable by the teacher for the work 

 of the first term, the following books may be recommended for study in 

 connection with the lectures and the laboratory work in general botany: 

 Allen, Charles E. and Gilbert, Edward M., Text-book of Botany. Boston, 

 D. C. Heath & Co.; Gager, C. Stuart: Fundamentals of Botany. Phila- 

 delphia, P. Blakis ton's Son & Co.; Ganong, William F.: A Text-book of 

 Botany. New York, The MacMillan Company, 1918; Martin, John N.: 

 Botany for Agricultural Students. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 

 1919; Transeau, Edgar Nelson: Science of Plant Life. Yonkers-on-the- 

 Hudson, New York, 1919. For the laboratory course the writer uses 

 Harshberger, John W.: Students' Herbarium for Descriptive and Geo- 

 graphic Purposes. Philadelphia, Christopher Sower & Co. 



The chapters end with laboratory exercises and the methods of utilizing 

 the illustrative material, which should accompany the detailed treatment 

 of the subject. In order to appeal to a large number of teachers of agri- 

 cultural botany, both in this country and abroad, the plants suggested 

 for the laboratory exercises are selected from the common plants of the 

 different countries and regions concerned. The good teacher, however, 

 will be able to adapt the means to the end without slavishly depending 

 upon the laboratory exercises, which with him will serve as suggestions 

 of the line of work which he can undertake successfully in the allotted 

 time. It is hoped, that the bibliographies at the ends of the chapters will 

 prove helpful. The book, bulletins and papers mentioned in these bibli- 

 ographies indicate the sources of the information in the text and in order 

 to simplify printing such references are omitted as foot notes from the 

 pages of the book. What material of the text, which is not mentioned 

 specifically as derived from the author's own research and study, has been 

 gleaned from a great variety of sources, such as personal interviews with 

 farmers, agricultural professors and stockmen, or from books, bulletins 

 and magazine articles, which have been read and the information contained 

 therein has been absorped and has become part of the mental equipment 

 of the writer. Where the subject matter of the text has been taken from 



