154 PASTORAL AND AGRICULTURAL BOTANY 



are then kept in a pasteboard box with a front which can drop down and a lid hinged 

 to the back of the box. Such sets have been mounted for a number of years by students 

 at the University of Pennsylvania, but the writer has given up this method in 

 favor of the distribution of 48 aluminium-capped vials in which the agricultural seeds 

 wih 1 be kept. Tape labels, such as are used for attachment to envelopes with the re- 

 turn address will be printed with the scientific and common name of each poisonous, 

 grass, leguminous and weed seed. These can be readily pasted on the vials, when the 

 seeds are distributed to the class. The vials will be kept in four paper trays with twelve 

 compartments each made to accurately accommodate the vials. The box in which the 

 trays fit will have a front side, which will drop down, and a hinged lid provided on the 

 outside with a neatly printed label describing the contents of the box. Such a box 

 with vials should not cost each student over three dollars, if bought in quantity at 

 present prices prevailing (1920). l With these sets of seeds, it will be possible for the 

 class to make a comparative study of the most important agricultural seeds. With the 

 set of 48 seeds, now used at the University of Pennsylvania, the students, as a part of 

 the practical work required of them in thfeir final examination in botany, are required 

 to identify on request any five or ten seeds of the set of forty-eight. During the in- 

 structional period, drawings of each of the forty-eight seeds should be made with the 

 aid of hand lenses. 



4. The most important grass fruits should be studied in sections after the external 

 study has been completed by the application of iodine solution. . This will enable 

 the student to differentiate the embryo and the reserve food in a more perfect way . 

 Microscopic sections can be made, but time will hardly be found for a detailed study of 

 them. 



1 The author has adopted the expedient of dividing the cost between the school and 

 the students. The school pays one-half and the students (with their consent) the other 

 half deducted to save embarassment from the students' deposited laboratory fees. The 

 boxes were made for the author by the Jesse Jones Paper Box Co., 615 Commerce 

 Street, Philadelphia. The vials (No. 21) with screw tops (aluminium) were furnished 

 by Whitall Tatum Co., Glass Manufacturers, 410 Race Street, Philadelphia and the 

 gummed labels by the Dennison Manufacturing Co., 1007 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 

 The box labels were printed by a local printer. 



