ANALYTICAL KEY. XV 



13. Flowers unisexual, at least the staminate in aments. Trees or shrubs with 



alternate leaves. 

 Monoecious : male flowers in aments ; female solitary or few : 



ovary inferior : leaves simple, with caducous stipules. 



Anthers 2-celled : nut in a cup-like or spiny involucre. CUPULIFERJE, 74 

 Anther cells separate : nut in a foliaceous or tubular invo- 

 lucre Corylus in CUPULIFER.E, 74 



Monoecious or dioecious, flowers all in aments : ovary superior. 

 Fruit a 1 -seeded nutlet: bracts thickened and rigid in fruit: 



nut winged or angled. . . . Betuleae, in CUPULIFER.E, 74 



Fruit a many-seeded capsule : dioecious : bracts herbaceous : 



seeds comose. SALICACE^E, 75 



SUBCLASS II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. Embryo with a single 

 cotyledon. Leaves mostly parallel- veined. Flowers usually 3-merous, 

 never in fives. Mostly herbaceous. 



A. Ovary inferior: perianth conspicuous, colored : terrestrial : flowers perfect. 

 Flowers irregular : stamens and style coherent ; anthers 1 or 2 : 



leaves alternate, sheathing ORCHIDACEJE, 76 



Flowers regular : stamens 3, perigynous : leaves equitant. . IRIDACE^, 77 

 Flowers regular : stamens 6, perigynous : leaves not equitant. 



AMARYLLIDACE^E, 78 



B. Ovary superior or nearly so : perianth regular or none. 

 Carpels united into a compound ovary : perianth corolla-like, 



rarely partly herbaceous : terrestrial plants. 



Woody climber, with tendrils : anthers 1-celled. . , ^ SMILACE^E, 80 

 Herbs : anthers 2-celled. 

 Perianth mostly of similarly colored lobes or divisions : 



steins from a bulb, corm, or rhizome. . . . LILIACE^E, 79 

 Perianth of 3 green sepals, and 3 ephemeral deliquescent 



petals : stems from fibrous roots. . . COMMELIN^CEJE, 81 



Carpels distinct or solitary : aquatic or marsh herbs. 

 Perianth none : seed albuminous : fruit utricular or nut-like. 

 Flowers monoecious in heads or on a crowded spadix : 



leaves linear. ' . TYPHACEJE, 83 



Small floating disk-like plants. .... LEMNACEJB, 84 



Perianth herbaceous, petaloid, or none : albumen none. 



Carpels few : perianth none or in fertile flowers herbaceous. 



NAIADACEJE, 86 

 Carpels numerous in a whorl or head : 3 sepals herbaceous, 



3 petaloid. ALISMACE^, 85 



Perianth of 6 similar glumaceous segments : capsule 3-valved. 



Rushes or sedge-like JUNCACE^E, 82 



Flowers in the axils of scales or glumes, spicate, without evi- 

 dent perianth. Stems solid : sheaths closed : scales single : 



anthers basifixed CYPERACE.E, 87 



Culms hollow, terete : sheaths split : glumes in pairs : anthers 



versatile. . GRAMINEJE, 88 



