ROSACES. (ROSE FAMILY.) 81 



flowers sessile, tomeutose : limb of the calyx deeply toothed : tail of the akene 

 at length 2 or 3 inches long. Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 427. W. Wyoming and 

 through the Wahsatch to the Sierras and northward. 



2. C. parvifolius, Nutt. A shrub usually 2 to 10 feet high (sometimes 

 15 to 20 feet) : leaves cuneate-obovate, less coriaceous, serrate towards the obtuse 

 or rounded summit, more or less silky above, densely hoary-tomentose beneath : 

 flowers on short slender pedicels : limb of the calyx with short teeth : tail of the 

 akene often 4 inches long. From New Mexico to Wyoming and westward to 

 the coast. 



11. COWANIA, Don. CLIFF ROSE. 



Petals obovate, spreading. Stamens numerous, in 2 rows, inserted with the 

 petals at the throat of the calyx-tube. Carpels densely villous. Fruit coria- 

 ceous, narrowly oblong, striate, nearly included in the dilated calyx-tube. 

 Leaves small, toothed or pinnatifid, coriaceous, glandular-dotted. 



1. C. Mexicana, Don. A much branched shrub, 1 to 6 feet high ; the 

 trunk with abundant shreddy light-colored bark : leaves approximate upon 

 the short branchlets, cuneate-obovate in outline, pinnately 3 to 7-lobed, dark 

 green above, tomentose beneath : flowers yellow, the calyx-tube attenuate into 

 a short glandular-hairy pedicel : tail of the akeue at length 2 inches long or 

 more. N. Utah and S. Colorado to Central Mexico. 



12. FALLUGIA, Endlicher. 



Calyx-tube villous within ; the 5 lobes with alternate linear bractlets. Sta- 

 mens numerous, inserted in a triple row upon the margin of the calyx-tube. 

 Carpels densely villous, inserted upon a small conical receptacle. Fruit coria- 

 ceous, narrowly oblong, exserted. A low undershrub : leaves pinnately 

 lobed, margin revolute : flowers white. 



1. F. paradoxa, Endlicher. Much branched with somewhat virgate 

 slender branches ; epidermis white, persistent : leaves scattered or fascicled, 

 somewhat villous, cuneate and attenuate into a linear base, pinnately 3 to 7- 

 cleft above. From Colorado to California and southward into Mexico. 



13. DRY AS, L. 



Calyx open, flattish, 8 to 9-parted. Petals large, white or yellowish. 

 Dwarf and matted slightly shrubby plants, with simple toothed leaves and 

 solitary large flowers. 



1. D. octopetala, L. Leaves oblong-ovate, coarsely crenate-toothed, 

 obtuse at each end, clothed with a white tomentum beneath, the veins promi- 

 nent, the margins revolute : sepals linear. Alpine. High peaks of Colorado 

 and northward throughout British America to Greenland. 



14. GEUM, L. AVENS. 



Calyx-lobes usually with 5 alternate bractlets. Carpels on a conical or 

 clavate receptacle. Akenes small, compressed. Perennial herbs: leaves 

 mostly radical, lyrate or pinnate ; stipules adnate to the sheathing petioles : 

 flowers rather large, solitary or corymbose. 



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