COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 169 



Rocky Mountains, in or near the alpine region, from British Columbia to 

 Colorado. 



Var. elatior, Gray. A foot or two high, leafy up to the I to 4 pedunculate 

 heads, pubescent, but hardly hirsute : leaves oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 

 4 inches long ; cauline closely sessile by a broad base : involucre fully inch 

 high : rays inch long. Am. Jour. Sci. n. xxxiii. 237. Subalpine and lower, 

 in the mountains of Colorado. 



* * Perennials from a rootstock or caudex, neither stoloniferous nor flagelliferous : 



involucre from hispid or villous to glabrous, but not lanate. 



*- Comparatively tall and large (afoot or more high), leafy-stemmed, glabrous to 

 soft-hirsute: leaves rather large, entire or occasionally toothed: heads rather 

 large, with numerous rays: mountain forms. 



- Rays 50 to 70, comparatively broad : involucre rather loose : heads solitary or 

 on larger plants few and corymbosely disposed: pappus simple. 



4. E. salsuginosus, Gray. Stem 12 to 20 inches high, the summit or 

 peduncles more or less pubescent : no bristly or hirsute hairs : leaves very 

 smooth and glabrous, bright green, tlnckish ; radical and lower cauline spatulate 

 to nearly obovate, with base attenuate into a margined petiole ; upper cauline 

 ovate-oblong to lanceolate, sessile, conspicuously mucronate ; uppermost small 

 and bract-like : bracts of the involucre loose or even spreading, linear-subulate 

 or attenuate, viscidulous, at most pubenilous : disk over inch in diameter : rays 

 purple or violet, $ inch or more long. Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 93. Alpine, 

 from New Mexico and California to the far north. 



Var. glacialis, Gray. A span high, few-leaved, monocephalous : leaves 

 smaller. Synopt. Fl. i. Pt 2. 209. Alpine region of the Rocky Mountains. 



5. E. Coulteri, Porter. Stem 6 to 20 inches high, equally leafy, bearing 

 solitary or rarely 2 or 3 slender-pedunculate heads: leaves membranaceous, 

 obovate to oblong, either entire or serrate with several sharp teeth, pilose-pubes- 

 cent to glabrous, cauline hardl// mucronate: disk about inch wide: involucre 

 less attenuate and spreading, obscurely viscidulous but hirsute ivith spreading 

 hairs : rays rather narrowly linear, ^ inch or more long, white, varying to pur- 

 plish. Fl. Colorado, 61. Mountains of Colorado, Utah, and California. 



M- *-+ Rays 100 or more and narrow: involucre closer: pappus more or less dou- 

 ble, but the exterior minute : stems erect, tufted, generally leafy to the summit 

 and bearing few to several heads : leaves entire : mountain forms but not 

 alpine. 



6. E. macranthus, Nutt. From hirsute-pubescent to nearly glabrous, 

 more leafy than the next : stem 10 to 20 inches high : leaves from lanceolate to 

 ovate ; upper often reduced in size : involucre glabrous or nearly so, but com- 

 monly minutely glandular : rays J inch long : short outer pappus sometimes 

 nearly chaffy. Mountains from Wyoming to New Mexico and Utah. 



7. ^E. glabellus, Nutt. From partly glabrous to copiously hirsute, disposed 

 to be naked above: stems 6 to 20 inches bigh : leaves lanceolate or the lowest 

 somewhat spatulate ; upper linear-lanceolate and gradually reduced to subu- 

 late bracts : heads considerably smaller : involucre strigosely hirsute or pubescent : 

 rays violet, purple, and rarely white, J to % inch long : outer pappus setulose. 

 From Colorado and Utah northward and eastward. 



