COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 185 



broadly lanceolate, denticulate or entire, 4 to 8 inches long, mostly narrowed 

 at base into a short margined petiole : heads an inch high : bracts of the invo- 

 lucre narrowly lanceolate, numerous : rays nearly 2 inches long : akenes 4 

 lines long, either prismatic-quadrangular or flattish, 12-nerved: pappus some- 

 times minute, chaffy coroniform and cleft into few or several teeth. Northern 

 Rocky Mountains, in moist valleys, S. W. Montana to E. Oregon. 



* * Rays bright yellow. 



t- Glabrous and smooth throughout, usually balsamic-viscid: leaves lanceolate to 



oblong. 



2. W. amplexicaulis, Nutt. A foot or two high, robust : leaves mostly 

 lanceolate-oblong, entire or denticulate ; radical often a foot or more long ; 

 upper cauline partly clasping by a rounded or somewhat narrowed base : heads 

 solitary or several, short peduncled : involucral bracts broadly lanceolate, one or 

 two outer ones occasionally foliaceous and larger : rays l inches long: akenes 

 with a conspicuous crown cleft into acute teeth, and sometimes a small awn. 

 From Colorado to Montana and British Columbia. Called " Pe-ik " by the 

 Indians. 



t- - Hirsuteltj pubescent or scabrous : leaves elongated-lanceolate or linear. 



3. W. Arizonica, Gray. Hirsutely pubescent, a foot high, bearing a sin- 

 gle or few heads : leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering to both ends, or the upper 

 and sessile cauline broader: involucre of rather foliaceous and erect bracts: 

 rays 8 to 12: pappus a ver y narrow crown, extended into 3 or 4 stout subulate 

 teeth, or into 1 or 2 short awns. Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 655. S. Colorado to 

 S. Utah and Arizona. 



4. W. SCabra, Hook. Very scabrous, a foot or two high, rigid : cauline 

 leaves linear, thick, 4 to 6 inches long, inch wide, sessile, attenuate-acute : 

 involucral bracts imbricated in 3 or 4 series, all the outer with an appressed 

 base, which is acuminate into a longer subulate filiform spreading \iery hispid- 

 scabrous appendage : rays several, inch long : akenes acutely angled, the 3 or 

 4 angles extended into a pappus of as many short blunt teeth, which are barely 

 confluent at base. New Mexico and S. Colorado to Utah and Wyoming. 



38. GYMNOLOMIA, HBK. 



With erect branching stems, alternate or opposite leaves, and heads of yellow 

 flowers ; resembling small-flowered species of Helianthus. 



1. G. multiflora, Benth. & Hook. A foot to a yard high, pubescent or 

 scabrous, sometimes also hispid, often much branched : leaves from narrowly 

 linear to lanceolate, either alternate or mainly opposite, entire or obscurely 

 denticulate: rays 10 to 15, golden yellow: disk hemispherical, in age little 

 more elevated and receptacle obtusely conical ; its bracts linear, obtuse or the 

 inner acute : akenes smooth. Heliomeris multiflora, Nutt. Very polymor- 

 phous. From Arizona to Wyoming and W. Texas. 



39. HELIANTHUS, L. SUNFLOWER. 



Usually tall or coarse ; with a part or all the leaves opposite and simple ; 

 heads peduncled and terminating the stems or branches, with yellow rays, 

 and either yellow or purple disk-flowers. 



