COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 205 



fascicled in the axils, small, fleshy, linear-clavate, glabrous or glabrate : heads 

 scattered, pedunculate, fully inch long : pappus of comparatively rigid capil- 

 lary bristles, a little surpassing the wool of the akene. From S. Wyoming 

 to Arizona, S. E. California, and E. Oregon. 



69. ARNICA, L. 



Perennial herbs; with erect stems, simple or branching, opposite leaves, 

 and comparatively large long-pedunculate heads of yellow flowers. 



* Radical leaves cordate at base, on slender or sometimes winged petioles ; cauline 

 all opposite, in 1 to 3 pairs, dentate or denticulate. 



1. A. COrdifolia, Hook. A foot or two, or when alpine a span or two 

 high, pubescent, or the stems hirsute and peduncles villous : lower cauline as 

 well as radical leaves long-petioled, deeply cordate, yet sometimes only ovate ; 

 upper cauline small, sessile : heads few, in smaller plants solitary : involucre 

 inch long, pubescent or villous : rays commonly an inch long : akenes more 

 or less hirsute. From the mountains of Colorado to those of California and 

 British Columbia. 



Var. eradiata, Gray. An ambiguous form; with smaller and rayless 

 heads, and oblong-ovate at most subcordate leaves. Synopt. Fl. i. 381. 

 Montana and E. Oregon. 



2. A. latifolia, Bong. Minutely pubescent or commonly glabrous, with 

 smaller heads than the preceding : only radical leaves cordate or subcordate and 

 petioled ; cauline 2 or 3 pairs, equal, ovate or oval, usually sharply dentate, closely 

 sessile by a broad base, or lowest with contracted base : akenes commonly gla- 

 brate or glabrous. Pine woods, mountains of Colorado and Utah to Oregon, 

 British Columbia, and Alaska. 



* * No cordate leaves ; radical leaves petioled, tapering or abrupt at base. 



-i- Leafy to the top: cauline leaves seldom less than 4 pairs, and the upper not 



conspicuously diminished. 



3. A. Chamissonis, Less. From tomentose or villous-pubescent to nearly 

 glabrous: leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, denticulate or dentate, acute or ob- 

 tuse ; lowest tapering into a margined petiole, upper broad at base and somewhat 

 clasping: akenes hirsute-pubescent. Including A. mollis, Hook.; also A. lati- 

 folia in part, of the Western Reports. Mountains of Colorado and Utah to 

 those of California and far northward. 



4. A. longifolia, Eaton. Many-stemmed in a tiift, minutely puberulent: 

 cauline leaves elongated-lanceolate, tapering to both ends, entire or denticulate, 

 somewhat nervose, 3 to 6 inches long, lower with narrowed bases connate-vagi- 

 nate : heads corymbosely disposed, short-peduncled : akenes minutely glandu- 

 lar, not hairy. Bot. King Exp. 186. Wahsatch Mountains and westward. 



5. A. foliosa, Nutt. Tornentose-pubescent, strict : leaves lanceolate, denticu- 

 late, nervose ; upper partly clasping by narrowish base, lower with tapering bases 

 connate : heads short-peduncled, rarely solitary : akenes hirsute-pubescent or 

 glabrate. A. Chamissonis of the Western Reports, in part. From the Sas- 

 katchewan to Oregon and southward along the mountains to N. California 

 and Colorado. 



