218 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



simple and larger with compound open cyme : leaves oblong, thin, upper 

 with usually narrowed sessile base, lower tapering into petiole : involucre of 

 linear-lanceolate bracts, pale or livid, mostly glabrous or nearly so, not rarely 

 a few bristly hairs. From Colorado and Utah to California and British 

 Columbia. 



i- -i- Flowers yellow: stems rather scapose (2 to several-leaved): leaves entire or 

 slightly denticulate. 



7. H. cynoglossoides, Arvet. Stem a foot or less high (either from 

 naked base or more commonly a radical tuft of leaves), simple, 2 to several- 

 leaved, bearing few or several cymosely disposed heads, setose-hirsute or 

 hispid at base : leaves lanceolate to spatulate-oblong, at least the lower con- 

 spicuously setose-hirsute ; upper sometimes glabrous : involucre glandular, some- 

 times as also peduncles glandular-hispidulous : akenes rather short-columnar: 

 pappus whitish. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 68. If. Scouleri, Hooker, partly. 

 N. W. Wyoming and Montana to Oregon and California. 



8. H. Fendleri, Schultz Bip. Subscapose, not rarely one or two leaves 

 toward base of the simple or paniculately branching stem, sparsely setose- 

 hirsute : radical leaves spatulate or broader ; cauline verging to lanceolate, 

 reduced above to linear bracts : heads few and racemiform-paniculate, or more 

 numerous and corvmbosely disposed : involucre puberulent or glabrate, with or 

 without scattered setose hairs : akenes tapering from near the base to summit, 

 sometimes reddish, at length commonly blackish : pappus copious, soft, sordid- 

 whitish. Colorado and New Mexico. 



77. CBEPIS, L. 



Annuals or (ours) perennials, with soft white pappus and narrow-necked 

 or beaked akenes (some truncate or merely tapering upwards) : leaves entire 

 or inclined to be pinnatifid : flowers all yellow. 



* Low or depressed, branched from the base, wholly glabrous, bearing numerous 



clustered heads: involucre of narrowly linear obtuse equal bracts: akenes nar- 

 row, 10-striate, having at summit a disk bearing the pappus. 



1. C. nana, Richards. Forming depressed tufts on creeping rootstocks : 

 leaves chiefly radical, obovate to spatulate, entire, repand-dentate, or lyrate, 

 commonly equalling the clustered scapes or stems : heads in fruit nearly 

 ^ inch high : akenes linear, unequally ribbed, obscurely contracted under the 

 moderately dilated pappiferous disk. Alpine mountain summits in Colorado 

 and California, thence far northward. 



2. C. elegans, Hook. Many-stemmed from a tap-root, diffusely branched : 

 leaves entire or nearly so ; radical spatulate, cauline from lanceolate to linear : 

 heads smaller : akenes linear-fusiform, minutely scabrous on the equal narrow 

 ribs, attenuate into a short slender beak, which is discoid-dilated at summit. 

 From Montana and Dakota to the Saskatchewan. 



* * More robust and taller, with scapiform or few-leaved stems and larger heads: 



akenes thicker, not dilated-discoid at the insertion of the pappus. 

 *- No canescent putrescence: foliage mostly glabrous: involucre many-flowered; 



