Sanitation 657 



the bacillus or the resistance of the tissues was so changed 

 that natural immunity was destroyed and the bacteria 

 allowed to develop and produce the disease. Roger found 

 also that refractory animals, like the rabbit, mouse, pigeon, 

 and chicken, could be made susceptible by combined in- 

 jection of " Rauschbrand" bouillon and Bacillus prodigi- 

 osus, Proteus vulgaris, or other harmless organisms. 



It may be that some of the accidents attending the use of 

 the prophylactic depend upon a mixed infection by which 

 the virulence of the bacillus of symptomatic anthrax is in- 

 creased. 



The bacteria probably enter the animal in spontaneous 

 infection through punctures or fly-bites. Epidemics com- 

 monly arise at certain geographic points, known technically 

 as "Rauschbrand stations." 



Sanitation. At first thought, as Frankel points out, one 

 might imagine that an animal dead of quarter-evil and the 

 discharges from its body might be harmless, as compared, 

 for example, with the cadavers and discharges of anthrax, 

 because of the purely anaerobic growth of the bacillus and 

 the rapidity of its death in the presence of oxygen. This is, 

 however, untrue, for the highly resisting spores make the 

 pollution of the soil exceedingly dangerous for cows subse- 

 quently browsing upon it. That the spores are of great vital- 

 ity is shown by the well-known laboratory method of keeping 

 them on hand for experimental purposes, dried in the mus- 

 cular tissue of a diseased animal. 



Every precaution should be exerted to have affected 

 animals isolated, and their cadavers disinfected and de- 

 stroyed, or buried in such a manner that subsequent infection 

 shall be impossible. 



MALIGNANT EDEMA. 



BACILLUS (EDEMATIS MALIGNI (Kocn). 



General Characteristics. A motile, flagellated, sporogenous, anae- 

 robic, liquefying, aerogenic, non-chromogenic, pathogenic bacillus of 

 the soil, readily stained by the ordinary methods, but not by Gram's 

 method. 



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