34 ^f ^^^ Advancement of Learning, L i b. I. 



viiit.in A- men would come Jo far to complain, except they hadjuji caufe .<? Caflander 

 Uxand. anfwered. Tea, that xpas it that made them thm bold, becattfe they hoped 

 the length of the way tvould dead the difcovery of the afperfion 5 See (faith 

 the King) thefubtilty ofArijiotle rvrejiing the matter both rvaies. Pro and 

 Contra, Yet the fame Art which he reprehended in another, he knew 

 well how to u(e himfelf, when occafion required, to ferve his own 

 turn. For Co it fell out that Calrfihenes, (to whom he bare a fecret 

 grudge, becaufe he wasagainftthe new ceremony of his a rl oration) 

 being mov'd, at a banquet, byfome of tho(e that (ate at table with 

 him, that for entertainment fake (being he was an eloquent man) he 

 would take upon him fome Theme, at his own choice, to difcourle 

 upon, which Califihenes did, and chufing the Praifes of the Macedo- 

 nian Nation, performed the fame with the great applaufe of all that 

 Plutarch, heard him : whereupon Alexander, nothing plea(ed, (aid. That upon 

 lit fupra. a good fubjelf it was eajle for any manto be eloqifent, but turn, (aid he, 

 your ftile, and let us hear what you cati (ay againll: us. Calijihenes un- 

 dertook the charge, and performed it, with that (ting and life, that 

 Alexander was fain to interrupt him, faying ; An ill mind alfo, as well as 

 a good caufe might infufe eloquence. For Rhetoric^ whereto Tropes and 

 Ornaments appertains (ee an elegant ufe of Metaphor, wherewith he 

 taxed Antipater, who was an Imperious and Tyrannous Governour. 

 For when one oi Antipaters friends commended him to Alexander for 

 his moderation, and that he did not degenerate, as other Lievtenants 

 did, into the Per(ian Pi;jde, in ufing Purple, but kept the ancient Ma- 

 E^'.^^fS^" cedon habit. But Antipater (faith Alexander') is all Pnrple within. So 

 * likewi(e that other Metaphor is excellent ; when Varmenio came unto 

 him in the plain oiArbeUa'-, and (hewed him the innumerable multitude 

 of enemies which viewed in the night, reprefented, by the infinite 

 number of lightsi, a new Firmament of ftarres 5 and thereupon advifed 

 Plut.in him to affail them by night, I will not, faid Alexander, Jieal a viffory, 

 Alexan. For matter of Policy, weigh that grave and wife di(tinftion, which all 

 ages have embraced, whereby he differenced his two chief friends, E- 

 Ot fupra. phejiion and CraterHs, when he faid, That the one loved Alexander, and 

 the other loved the King, Defcribing a Difference of great import, a- 

 mongft even the moft faithful fervants of Kings, that fome in Jincere 

 ajfe&ion love their Perfons, others in duty love their Crown. Obferve 

 how excellently he could tax an error, ordinary with Counfellors of 

 Princes, who many times give counfel, according to the model of their 

 Plut.in own mind and fortune, and not of their Mafters. For when Dariuf 

 Alex. had made great offers to Alexander : I,faid Parmenio, would accept thefe 

 conditions. If I were as Alexander: faid Alexander, Jurely fo would ly 

 were I as parmenio. Laftly, weigh that quick and acute reply, which 

 he made to his frienas asking him, what he wonldrefervefor himfelf, giving 

 away fo many and great gifts ^ Hope, faid he, as one who well knew 

 "^"* that when all accounts are caftup aright, Hope is the true portion and 

 inheritance of all that refolve upon great enterprizes. This was Julius 

 C<efar's portion when he went into Gaul , all his eftate being exhaufted 

 by profufe LargefTes. This was likewife the portion of that noble 

 s.Fr.i«. Prince, howfbever tranfported with Ambition, Henry Duke ofCuyfe, 

 B»citi. of whom it was ufually faid , That he was thegreateji ufurer in allFrance^ 

 becaufe that all his wealth was in names, and that he had turned hif 



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