114 Of the Advancement of Learning. Lib. IV. 



Cicero d 

 Orat. 



Hora.11.4. Kai'f £Te v.vi^viUic, hog "hyjiKoi^ m^ Kj av</'§cov ; 



For thefe even between Mortal and enraged enemies paft to and fro 

 ever inviolated. Nor doth ourTrmnpet fbmmon, and incourage men 

 to tear and rend one another with contradictions 5 and in a civil rage 

 to bear Arms, and wage War againft themfelves, but rather, a peace 

 concluded between them, they may with joynt forces diredt their 

 ftrength againft Natuh her felfj and take her high Towers, and dis- 

 mantle her fortified Holds 5 and thus enlarge the Borders of 

 mans Dominion , fo far as Almighty God of his goodnefs ftiall 

 permit. 

 rlat, in I. Now let us come to that Knowledge, whereunto the Ancient O- 

 Aicib. I, j^cIq direfteth us, which is thf knoTd^ledge of our felves : which deferves 

 LL ib^ ^^^ "'°'"^ accurate handling bjyvbovv much^k toucheth us more nearly. 

 ' ' * ' This knowledge is to man the end and term of Knowledges 5 hut of Nature 

 herfelf, a portion only. And generally let this be a rule, that all Di- 

 ^'"•''l"'^' vifionsof Knowledges be (b accepted and applied. As may rather de- 

 ^' fign forth and dififnguifl) Sciences into Parts j than cut and full them afun^ 

 der into pieces'-) that fo the continuance and entirenefs of Kf/owledges may 

 ever be preferved. For the contrary praftice hath made particular Sci- 

 ences to become barren, (hallow, and erroneous 5 while they have not 

 Jbeen nourifht, maintain'd and redtified from the common Fountain and 

 Nurfery. So we fee Cicero the Orator complained of Socrates, and his 

 * School 5 That he was thefirU that feparated Vhilofophy and Rhetorick^^ 

 whereupon Rhetorick became a verbal, and an empty Art. And it is 

 alfo evident, that the opinion of Copernicus, touching the Rotation of 

 the Earth (which now is maintain'dj becaufe it is not repugnant to the 

 Fhanomena, cannot be revinced by Aftronomical Principles 5 yet by 

 the Principles of Natural Philofophy, truly applied, it may. So we fee 

 alfo that the Science of Medicine , if it be deftituted and forfalien 

 of Natural Philofophy, it is not much better than Emperical Pradice. 



§ This being laid as a ground, let us proceed to the Knowledge of man. 

 This hath two parts : for it either confidereth man fegregate , or diilri- 

 hufivcly '•) or congregate, and infocicty : the one we call Philofophy of Hu' 

 manity ; the other Philofophy Civil. The Philojophy of Humanity, or Hu- 

 mane, conlifteth of the fame Parts, whereof man himfelf confifteth ■> that 

 is, of knowledges which relpedthe Body ^ and of knowledges which 

 refpeft the Mind. 



n. But before we purfue particular Diftributions, let us conftitute 5 

 One general Knowledge of the Nature and State of Man: For indeed it is 

 very fit that this Knowledge be emancipate, and made a knowledge by 

 it fcif. It is compos'd of thofe Sympathies and Concordances commune 

 between the Body and the Mind. 



^ Again, this Knowledge of the Nature and State of man may be di- 

 ftributed into two Parts i attributing to the one the tin divided Nature 

 of v,!&n I, to the other the Combination between the Mind and the Body : 

 The firft of thefe we will call the knowledge of the Perfon of man'-^ the 

 fecond the knowledge of the League. And it is plain that all thefe icve- 

 ral Branches of Knowledge , being they are common and commixt, 

 could not beafi'.gned to that firft Divifion of Knowledge, converfant 



about 



