28 8 Of the Advancement of Learning, L i b . V IIL 



4 By all means it is to be procured^ that the Trunk, of NebuchadncZ" 

 ^ar's Tree of Monarchy, be great enough to bear the Branches aud the 

 Boughs 5 that is, that the number of Natural Subjc&s to the Crown or 

 State, bear a fufficient proportion for the over-toppiug the (ironger 

 Siibjeifs.Thctefbre all States that are liberal of Naturali'zation towards 

 fir angers^ are fit for the Creatnefs of Empire. For it is a vain opinion 

 to think, that a handful of people, can with the greateft courage and 

 Policy in the world, keep and reprefs under the laws of Empire, too 

 large andfpacious extent of Dominion , this may hold for a time, but 

 it will fail (uddenly. The Spartans were a fparing and nice People in 

 •pdmt. of Naturalization^ whereby while they kept their compafs, they 

 ftodd firm and alTured '-, but when they began to fpread and enlarge, 

 their Dominion, andthat their boughs, multiplied by ftrangers,were 

 becoming too great for the ftemm of the Spartans^xhey became a wind- 

 fal upon the fudden. Never any State was in this point fo open to 

 receive ftrangers intotheirBodyjas were the Romans ^ therefore their 

 Fortune feconded their wifeinftitution, for they grew to the greateft 

 Eremplas- Monarchy in the world. Their manher was to grant Naturalization 

 P"^^ic.pro ^^hich they called Jus Civitatis) and to grant it in the higheft degree? 

 that is, not only Jus Coptmercii, Jus Connubii, Jus H<creditatisj but 

 alfo Jus Suffragii.and Jus Petitionisftve Honorum , and this not to lin- 

 gular perfons alone, but likewife to whole families, yea toCities,and 

 fometimes to whole Nations. Add to this, their cuftora of Plantati- 

 6n of Colonies, whereby \\i^Roman Flants were removed into the foil 

 of other Nations : and putting both conftitutions together, you will 

 {ay, thdt it was not the Romans that fpread upon the rvorld ; but it was 

 the world that fpread upon the Romans \ which was the fecureft way of 

 Enlarging the Bounds of Empire. I have marvelled (bmetimes at Spain, 

 how they clafp and govern fo large Dominions, with (b few natural 

 Spaniards : but furely the whole compafs of Spain, is a very great bo- 

 dy of a Tree 5 being it contains far more ample Territories, than 

 Rome or Sparta at their firft rifings. And befides, though the Spani- 

 ards have not had that ufage to Naturalize liberally ; yet they have 

 that which is next to it, that is. To employ, almoti indifferently, all 

 Nations in their Militia of Ordinary fouldiers j yea and fometimes they 

 confer their higheft commands of war, upon Captains that are no na- 

 tural Spaniards ; nay it feems, not long ago^they have begun to grow 

 fenfible of this want of Natives, and to feek a Remedy, as appears by 

 the Pragmatical SanBion publiQit this year. 



5 It is moji Certain thatfedentary and within door Mechanical Arts 5 

 and Delicate Manufa&ures (that require rather the Finger, than the 

 Atm^have in their nature a contrariety to a military Dijpofition. And 

 generally all warlike People are a little idle ; and love danger better 

 than travail : neither muft they be too much Broken of it,if we will 

 have their fpirits preferv'd in vigor. Therefore it was great advan- 

 tage in the ancient ftates of Sparta, Athens, Rome, and others, that 

 they had the ufe, not of Free-men, hwx. of Slaves, which commonly 

 did rid thofe MamifaUures : but the life of Slaves fince the receiving 

 of the Chri!IianLaw,hy in greateft part abolillit. That which comes 

 neereft to this cuftom, is to leave thole Arts chiefly to ftrangers, 



which 



