OPPIAN 



Hvyfiaicov t' oXt-yoSpavdcov afjievrjva yevedXa' 

 rfjaL S' a/a' iTTTafxevrjcn Kara ari-)(as evpees ea^Lol 

 Tjepa re OKiaovai /cat aWvrov oypbov exovcLV 62< 

 a>s Torc [jivpi.6(f)vXoL aXos repLvovai (fxiXayyes 

 Eu^etvov fjLeya Kvp,a' 7TepmXr]dei 8e ddXaaua 

 TTVKVov v7TO(f)ptaaovaa XaTvaaop,evq Trrepvyeaaw, 

 elaoK €7retyo/x€Vot hoXixov crroXov afiTravacoai 

 Kol roKOV. aAA' 6t€ p^irpa 7TapaaT€ixj]cn-v OTTCop-qs, 63' 

 voarov pLipLvrjOKOVTai, irrei Kpvepwrepov dXXcov 

 X^tfjia KaraaTTepx^i Kciv-qv dXa hivqeaaav 

 ov yap rriXe^adris y pea 8e arv<j)eXil,eT driraLs, 

 61 fjLLV eTnppr]aaovaiv VTTep(j>iaXoi r oXooi re. 

 rovveK dXvaKatjOvres * A[j,al,ovL-qs dvo Xifxvrjs 63. 



avns opLOV reKeeauiv VTTorpoTrdS-qv <j)opeovraL, 

 KtSvavraL 8' dvd Trovrov, ottt) dpeifjovrai eKacrroi. 

 'AAA' oaa p,ev fxaXaKeia <f>arit,erai,, olal r dvaipicov 



" A. o97 a 4 ff. ; Strabo 35, etc. ; Plin. x. 58. 



* Their flight was in the form of a triangle {■yepavuv ttjv iv 

 Tpiyu)v({} irT7j<Tiv Pint. Mor. 979 b), the apex leading, the older 

 birds in front and rear, the voung in the middle. Ael. iii. 

 13 ; Plut. Mor. 967 c ; Eur. Hel. 1478 flf. ; Plin. x. 58. 



" A. 598 b 6 drau Se reKcacn Kal to. yevofxtva av^ijOrj, €Kir\€ov(nv 

 tvdvs fj-era UXeidda, i.e. after the heliacal rising of the Pleiades. 



"* E. Forbes, op. clt. p. 201 "Some of the rivers which 

 discharge into the Black Sea take their rise in high latitudes, 

 in districts annually covered with snow. These rivers also 

 are annually frozen. Again, the winter temperature of the 

 northern shores of this sea is such that coast ice forms there, 

 as also in the Sea of Azof ; and hence the waters of the 

 Black Sea are much colder than those of the rest of the 

 marine province to whicJi it belongs. It is to the combined 

 influence of composition and temperature that the great 

 diff"erence in the assemblage of animals in the Mediterranean 

 and Black Seas must be attributed. The Black Sea is the 



266 



