LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



FIGURE I'Ar.E 



1. Diagram of a typical flower composed of six whorls ... 3 



2. Diagram of the positions of opposite leaves, illustrating the 



method of passage to alternate arrangements ... ... 1 1 



3. Diagrams of floral aestivations, showing the passage from the 



two-fifth or quincuncial, to the contorted ... ... ... lo 



4. Diagram of flower of Garidella, with stamens superposed to 



petals ... ... ... ... ... ... ••• •• 21 



5. Diagram of flower of Hellehorus niger with stamens super- 



posed to twenty-one nectaries ... ... ... ... 22 



6. Diagrams illustrating the anatomy of the floral receptacle of 



a Wallflower, showing the origin of the floral members ... 32 



7. Diagram of the leaf-traces in the stem of Arahis albida ... 39 



8. Vertical and transverse sections of the wall of the inferior 



ovary of Campanula medium^ showing how the sepaline 

 cords originate those of the rest of the floral organs (see 

 fig. 15, p. 71) 43 



9. Flower of Phyteuma, showing cohesion by contact and con- 



genital, in the corolla ... ... ... ... ... ... 50 



10. Flower of iJfimu? MS undergoing " dialysis " ... ... ... 51 



11. Stamens of Cenfawrea, showing syngenesious anthers ; method 



of fertilisation by " piston-action " (6), nectary and direc- 

 tion of insect-proboscis, etc. ... ... ... ... ... 60 



12. Anatomy of the floral receptacle of Hellebore, showing the 



changes in orientation of the cords ... ... ... ... 64 



13. Anatomy of the floral receptacle of Pelargonium, showing 



changes in the orientation, in the separation and in the 

 union of the cords ... ... ... ... ... ... 65 



