PARTS OF ANIMALS, IV. xi.-xii. 



as it were, for the milk, and none of these creatures 

 has any milk. Neither has any of the other animals 

 that are not internally viviparous ; the reason is that 

 as they produce eggs the milky nutriment which they 

 contain goes into these eggs. A more detailed 

 account of these matters \W11 be given in the treatise 

 on Generatio7i.^ With regard to the way in which they 

 bend their legs, a general account, including all 

 animals, has already been given in the treatise on 

 the Locomotion of Ariimals.^ 



These creatures have a tail, some a large one, some 

 a small one. We have already given the reason for 

 this as generally applicable.^ 



Among the oviparous land-animals, the chameleon 

 has the least flesh on him ; this is because he has 

 least blood, and the same reason is at the root of the 

 animal's habit of soul — he is subject to fear (to which 

 his many changes in appearance are due), and fear is 

 a process of cooling produced through scantiness of 

 blood and insufficiency of heat.'^ 



This fairly concludes our account of the external 

 parts of the blooded animals both footless and four- 

 footed, and of the reasons thereof. 



XII. We now pass on to Birds. As among them- (ii.) Birds. 

 selves, they differ in their parts in respect of the 

 more and less, and excess and defect^ — e.g., some of 

 them have loner leo-s, some short ones ; some have 

 a broad tongue, some a narrow one ; and similarly 

 with the other parts. Thus, as among themselves 



" At 752 b 16 fF. 



" At 712 a 1 ff. See also below, 693 b 3, and additional 

 note on that passage, p. 433. 

 <= At 689 b 1 ff. 



^ Compare the passages at 650 b 27 and 667 a 1 1 fF. 

 * See 644 a 19, and introductory note on p. 19. 



401 



