CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER III. 



Metals — Bases — Alkalies — Potash^ its properties — Carbo- 

 nate and nitrate of potash, gunpowder — Soda, common 

 salt, sulphate, carbonate, and nitrate of soda — The 

 alkaline earths — Lime, its nature and properties — Car- 

 bonate, sulphate, and phosphate of lime — Magnesia, 

 its carbonate, sulphate, muriate, and phosphate . 97 



CHAPTER IV. 



The earths — Alumina, its properties — Alum — Silica, or 

 silicic acid — Silicates of potash and soda — Glass — Sili- 

 cates in the soil, in plants — The metals, their oxides and 

 salts — Iron, its oxides — Rusting of iron — Pyrites — Sul- 

 phate of iron, or green vitriol — Gold — Silver — Mercury 

 — Copper — Sulphate of copper, or blue vitriol — Zinc — 

 Tin — Manganese — Lead Metallic alloys . . .118 



CHAPTER V. 



Organic matter — Vegetable substances — Lignin, or woody 

 fibre — Starch, varieties of starch — Gum, soluble and in- 

 soluble — Sugar, cane and grape, its manufacture — Glu- 

 ten, albumen, legumine, fibrin, gliadine — Chemical 

 Transformations — Formation of gum, sugar, &c. — Fer- 

 mentation — Lactic acid — Manufacture of wine — Alco- 

 hol — Brandy and grain spirit — Brewing — Bread-mak- 

 ing — Vinegar or acetic acid 139 



CHAPTER VI. 



Vegetable principles — Vegetable acids — Citric, tartaric, 

 malic, and oxalic acids — Oils, fixed and volatile, manu- 

 facture of soap — Resins, pitch, and tar — Coloring mat- 

 ters, dyeing — Inorganic constituents of plants — Animal 



