93 



. The .is country: h-?re ?*re for the EH ~t fine 



lands, ^.cc ,; ..uln.ted _ __^ui and wfit . robably much of the effect 



.iridfj ' .ru ail If ting, ; ui v/-tor influenced the ''rran^orucut of 



soils. .-5 fro iy flocculated, lii;e of bre . .j.c 



chfcftf fc .n is loams and cl-v/^, --i th h. id there sands. ..'ere come 



the sana iiille of r.ebrasica. Alknli l-rnda occur in restrict .rtions of 



; c tea are conspicuous, and the land IB poor for 



. .rid I?nidf3 of fc t, west: these are very variable in 

 aeter, f'rc the cu^.Eoest 3 ->f Uie northwest to the finest and heav- 

 iest cl^ye (adobe clays) of t)ie south^e.'jt . Uniformly, tlie soils are 



: on restrict -a occur alkali ooils, as in the Bad 



&. :>oils of t nuntaina of the went: In t. rras^ Cascades, 

 and ^ockies the soils are extremely variable, ranging froni newly disin- 



ic mat in sand, to Uie very "best of clay and 

 land. 



h. the liiijaid and arid far Northwest: ( N. ual. to 



) : there i3 iiere a lar^e slieet of erupted rock* It is a basalt 

 country, and a territory of deep soils and fertile lands, a good coun- 

 try. . i^inte^r*- 1 lor; of soils is the main feature. 



On U .t arid side the soils are relatively little disturbed. 



Ins ana on the coa^t plains the soils have been greatly 

 diaturbc and ice. The soil has been much washed by rainfall. 



C). noil affects the Character of Forests, 



su 'Die ."Southern pinery is entirely a soil forest both in regard 

 to mory proper, , f \nd the bottoro and swnmp lands. 



]}. Vue raixture of scrub pine, shortlenf pine and hardwoods is 

 , not by climate, but by soil. This occurs just north of the 

 ry, in the hardwoods re ;icn. 



. i.iraestone soils have given us Juniper stande in Tennessee. 



Tlie '9 also af fee ted the forest growth of a largo part of r..eatucky. 



jd. Sand soils produce the pinery of the Great Ltakes country; a 

 of dry -ind sand gives belt ~ri;- inlands of hardwoods forest. 

 It is soil T iiich detcrmiMea by itr, character and moiisture the t.^iaarack 

 '.wnn^po nnc 4 . even oetwraten tliese two. 



1 modifieo the pinery, changing it from a mixed f or r t of 

 poMorway pineo to Jac): pine; soil rnd soil moisture are the potent 

 influences in the composition of hardwood foreata. 



e_. ;r\nds produce the croeB-tirabers of Texas in the widut of 

 --irie (aloo in OklaJ\ona), ^,nd roper, 1 9 the same thing in Wisconsin, 

 Minnesota, and the North. 



. :iolls have but little affected the forests of tlie Greo.t ./eat, 

 3n th clin^t- i c)iief In . -.or, producing .nd dif f .-r- 



enti-tiii..; for.- 1 3. 3oil may influence quality aorue-v;hat. 



^. Viewing soil moisture independently of climate, w niay say 

 . I k of foreat is due to soil moisture, but it is better to say 



