242 SlNO-lRANICA 



TA VERNIER* states that there are quantities of vines and good grapes, 

 but no wine, the grapes being merely dried to distil spirits from. Wild 

 vine grows in upper Siam and on the Malay Peninsula, and is said to 

 furnish a rather good wine. 1 



A wine-yielding plant of Central Asia is described in the Ku kin u 

 ifr 4* & 3 by Ts'ui Pao S 15 of the fourth century, as follows: "The 

 tsiu-pei-t'en SS W (" wine-cup creeper") has its habitat in the West- 

 ern Regions (Si-yu). The creeper is as large as an arm; its leaves are 

 like those of the ko 31 (Pachyrhizus thunbergianus, a wild-growing 

 creeper); flowers and fruits resemble those of the wu-t'un (Sterculia 

 platanifolia) , and are hard; wine can be pressed out of them. The 

 fruits are as large as a finger and in taste somewhat similar to the tou-k*ou 

 ]a H (Alpinia globosum); their fragrance is fine, and they help to digest 

 wine. In order to secure wine, the natives get beneath the creepers, 

 pluck the flowers, press the wine out, eat the fruit for digestion, and 

 become intoxicated. The people of those countries esteem this wine, 

 but it is not sent to China. Can K'ien obtained it when he left Ta-yuan 

 (Fergana). This affair is contained in the Can K'ien Fu kwan li 36 il 

 ffi SB iS ('Memoirs of Can K'ien's Journey')-" 4 This account is re- 

 stricted to the Ku kin lu, and is not confirmed by any other book. Li 

 Si-Sen's work is the only Pen ts'ao which has adopted this text in an 

 abridged form. 6 Accordingly the plant itself has never been introduced 

 into China; and this fact is sufficient to discard the possibility of an 

 introduction by Can K'ien. If he had done so, the plant would have 

 been disseminated over China and mentioned in the various early 

 Pen ts'ao; it would have been traced and identified by our botanists. 

 Possibly the plant spoken of is a wild vine, possibly another genus. 

 The description, though by no means clear in detail, is too specific to 

 be regarded as a mystification. 



The history of the grape-vine in China has a decidedly method- 

 ological value. We know exactly the date of the introduction and 



1 Travels in India, Vol. II, p. 282. 



2 DILOCK PRINZ VON SIAM, Landwirtschaft in Siam, p. 167. 



8 Ch. c, p. 2 b. The text has been adopted by the Su po wu li (Ch. 5, p. 2 b) 

 and in a much abbreviated form by the Yu yan tsa tsu (Ch. 18, p. 6 b). It is not in 

 the Pen ts'ao kan mu, but in the Pen ts'ao kan mu Si i (Ch. 8, p. 27). 



4 HIRTH (Journal Am. Or. Soc., Vol. XXXVII, 1917, p. 91) states that this 

 work is mentioned in the catalogue of the library of the Sui dynasty, but not in the 

 later dynastic catalogues. We do not know when and by whom this alleged book 

 was written; it may have been an historical romance. Surely it was not produced 

 by Can K'ien himself. 



6 See also T'u Su tsi t'en, XX, Ch. 112, where no other text on the subject is 

 quoted. 



