72 SIR WILLIAM RAMSAY 



over and beyond the whole of the five years in which 

 the authors were associated together. This period is so 

 full of scientific interest that Professor Young, at the 

 request of the writer, has been good enough to prepare 

 a resume of the whole of the results of their joint work, 

 and has added a complete list of the papers in which it 

 originally appeared. The list of papers will be found at 

 the end of the chapter. 

 Professor Young's notes are as follows : 



" I was one of the Secretaries of the Owens College Students 

 Chemical Society at the time of the discovery by Carnelley that 

 ice, when heated under very low pressures, cannot be melted. 

 This discovery aroused great interest, and Sir Henry Boscoe 

 asked me to show the experiment to the Chemical Society. On 

 considering the matter I came to the conclusion that the volati- 

 lising point of ice, like the boiling point of water, probably depends 

 on the pressure. If Carnelley's opinion that the temperature of 

 ice rises above C. (strictly speaking 0*007) was incorrect, it 

 would probably be found that the vapour pressure curve for ice 

 is identical with the volatilising point curve, just as the vapour 

 pressure curve for water is identical with the boiling point curve. 

 If, on the other hand, the ice really becomes hot, there must be 

 a new curve, as yet undetermined. I gave this explanation 

 when showing the experiment at the meeting of the Chemical 

 Society, and it was at once accepted by Bohuslav Brauner, then 

 a Fellow of Owens College (now Professor at Prag), who advised 

 me to publish the paper at once. Sir Henry Roscoe, however, 

 was less confident and dissuaded me from sending in the paper. 

 Afterwards there was much discussion in Nature and other 

 journals, and after Pettersson had given a somewhat similar but 

 partly incorrect explanation, I wrote a letter to Nature stating 

 the facts and giving my explanation. [Nature, 24, 239 (1881).] 



