THE PANCREAS. 540 



feineren Bander menschlichen Leber," in " MUller's Archiv," 1843, p. 

 318 ; "Zusiitze zuseincn Untevsuchungen liber den Bau der Leber," in 

 "Berichte d. K. Sachs. Ges. d. Wissensch. zu Leipzig," 1850, p. 151 ; 

 A. Krukenberg, " Untersuchungen liber den feineren Bau der mensch- 

 lichen Leber," in " Mull. Arch.," 1843 ; Joh. Miiller, in his great 

 Work on the Glands, in his " Physiology," and " MUller's Archiv," 

 1843, p. 338; Theile, article " Leber," in R. Wagner's " Handw. der 

 Phys." II.. p. 308, 1844; C. L. J. Backer, " De Structura subtiliori 

 Hepatis sani et morbosi. Diss. Inaug. Trajecti ad Rhenum," 1845; 

 Natalis Guillot, " Sur la Structure du Foie des Animaux vertebras," Ann. 

 d. Sc. Nat., 1848, p. 129; R. Retzius, " Ueber den Bau der Leber," 

 in "Mull. Arch.," 1849, II. p. 141 ; C. Wedl, "Ueber die traubenfor- 

 migen Gallengangdriisen," in " Sitzungsbericht der Wiener Akad.," 

 1850, Dec., p. 480, c. Tab. ; N. Weja, "Beitriige zur feineren Anato- 

 mie der Leber," in " Miill. Arch."*1851, p. 79 ; E. Von Bibra, "Che- 

 mische Fragmente liber die Leber und die Galle," Braunschweig, 1849. 

 The more minute comparative anatomy of the Liver is treated of by II. 

 Karsten, " Disq. microsc. et chem. hepatis et bilis Crustaceorum et 

 Molluscorum," in "Nova Acta Acad. Cur.," vol. XXI. 1, p. 295; 

 T. F. G. Schlemm, "Dehepate et bile crustaceorum et molluscorum 

 quorundam," Diss. Berol., 1844 ; Williams, in " Guy's Hosp. Rep." 1846 ; 

 H. Meckel, " Mikrographie einiger Drlisenapparate der niederen 

 Thiere," in "Mull. Arch.," 1849, p. 1 ; Fr. Will. "Ueber die Abson- 

 derung d. Galle," Erlangen, 1849 ; H. Jones, "Phil. Trans.," 1846, 

 1849; [J. Leidy, " Researches into the Comparative Structure of the 

 Liver," in Amer. Jour, of Med. Sciences, 1848 ; Wharton Jones, 

 "Phil. Trans.," 1848; Handfield Jones, "Phil. Trans.," 1853. DaC.] 



OF THE PANCREAS. 



164. The pancreas is a compound racemose gland, which so closely 

 resembles the salivary glands, that a short exposition of its peculiarities 

 will suffice. As in all such glands, larger, smaller, and smallest lobes, 

 may be very distinctly made out, the last being composed of microscopic 

 glandular vesicles, which are here characterized by their moderate size 

 0-02-0-04 of a line, and their usually rounded form. They possess a 

 membrana propria and a tessellated epithelium, whose cells are very fre- 

 quently remarkable from the great number of fat-granules, so that the 

 glandular vesicles appear quite opaque and as if entirely filled with 

 secretion. The excretory ducts, which, as elsewhere, are connected 

 Avith the glandular vesicles, uniting into larger canals and, eventually, 

 into the duct of Wirsung, or pancreatic duct, are whitish and somewhat 

 thin walled. They are composed of connective tissue and of elastic 

 fibrils, and all possess an epithelium with small cylindrical cells, scarcely 

 exceeding 0-006-0-008 of a line in length, and 0-002 of a line in breadth. 

 In the walls of the pancreatic duct, and its larger branches, small 



