14 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



along the eastern slopes of the central and southern Sierra Nevada, growing often on the 

 most exposed and driest ridges, and in southern California on the San Bernardino and 

 San Jacinto ranges up to elevations of 7000 above the sea, on the Cuyamaca Moun- 

 tains, and in Lower California on the Sierra del Pinal and the San Pedro Martir Moun- 

 tains. 



A tree, 100 to nearly 200 high, with a tall massive trunk 4-6 in diameter, covered 

 with bright cinnamon-red bark deeply divided into large irregular plates, stiffer and more 

 elastic leaves 4 / -9 / long and persistent on the glaucous stouter branchlets for six to nine 

 years, yellow-green staminate flowers, short-stalked usually purple cones 5'-15' long, their 

 scales armed with stouter or slender prickles usually hooked backward, and seeds often 

 nearly \' long with larger wings. 



Occasionally planted as an ornamental tree in eastern Europe, especially the variety 

 Jeffreyi, which is occasionally successfully cultivated in the eastern states. 



Pinus ponderosa var. arizonica Shaw. Yellow Pine. 

 Pinus arizonica Engelm. 



Leaves tufted at the ends of the branches, in 3-5-leaved clusters, stout, rigid, dark green, 

 stomatiferous on tTieir 3 faces, 5 '-7' long, deciduous during their third season. Fruit ovoid, 

 horizontal, 2'-2|' long, becoming light red-brown, with thin scales much thickened at the 



apex and armed with slender 

 recurved spines; seeds full and 

 rounded below, slightly com- 

 pressed towards the apex, f 

 long, with a thick shell, their 

 wings broadest above the mid- 

 dle, about -|' long and J' wide. 

 A tree, 80-100 high, with 

 a tall straight massive trunk 

 3-4 in diameter, thick spread- 

 ing branches forming a regular 

 open round-topped or narrow 

 pyramidal head, and stout 

 branchlets orange-brown and 

 pruinose when they first appear, 

 becoming dark gray-brown. 

 Bark on young trunks dark 

 brown or almost black and 



deeply furrowed, becoming on old trees 1^-2' thick and divided into large unequally 

 shaped plates separating on the surface into thin closely appressed light cinnamon-red 

 scales. Wood light, soft, not strong, rather brittle, light red or often yellow, with thick 

 lighter yellow or white sapwood; in Arizona occasionally manufactured into coarse 

 lumber. 



Distribution. High cool slopes on the sides of canons of the mountain ranges of southern 

 Arizona at elevations between 6000 and 8000, sometimes forming nearly pure forests; 

 more abundant and of its largest size on the mountains of Sonora and Chihuahua. 



11. Pinus palustris Mill. Long-leaved Pine. Southern Pine. 



Leaves in crowded clusters, forming dense tufts at the ends of the branches, slender, 

 flexible, pendulous, dark green, 8'-18' long, deciduous at the end of their second year. 

 Flowers in very early spring before the appearance of the new leaves, male in short dense 

 clusters, dark rose-purple; female just below the apex of the lengthening shoot in pairs or 

 in clusters of 3 or 4, dark purple. Fruit cylindric-ovoid, slightly curved, nearly sessile, hori- 

 zontal or pendant, 6'-10' long, with thin flat scales rounded at apex and armed with small 



