PINACE.E 



15 



reflexed prickles, becoming dull brown; in falling leaving a few of the basal scales attached 

 to the stem; seeds almost triangular, full and rounded on the sides, prominently ridged, 

 about ~Y long, with a thin pale shell marked with dark blotches on the upper side, and 

 wings widest near the middle, gradually narrowed to a very oblique apex, about if long and 

 T 7 B ' wide. 



A tree, 100-120 high, with a tall straight slightly tapering trunk usually 2-2^ or 

 occasionally 3 in diameter, stout slightly branched gnarled and twisted limbs covered 

 with thin dark scaly bark and forming an open elongated and usually very irregular head 

 one third to one half the length of the tree, thick orange-brown branchlets, and acute 

 winter-buds covered by elongated silvery white lustrous scales divided into long spreading 

 filaments forming a cobweb-like network over the bud. Bark of the trunk iV"!' thick, 

 light orange-brown, separating on the surface into large closely appressed papery scales. 



Fig. 16 



Wood heavy, exceedingly hard, strong, tough, coarse-grained, durable, light red to orange 

 color, with very thin nearly white sapwood; largely used as "southern pine" or "Georgia 

 pine" for masts and spars, bridges, viaducts, railway-ties, fencing, flooring, the interior 

 finish of buildings, the construction of railway-cars, and for fuel and charcoal. A large 

 part of the naval stores of the world is produced from this tree, which is exceedingly rich 

 in resinous secretions. 



Distribution. Generally confined to a belt of late tertiary sands and gravels stretching 

 along the coast of the Atlantic and Gulf states and rarely more than 125 miles wide, from 

 southeastern Virginia to the shores of Indian River and the valley of the Caloosahatchee 

 River, Florida, and along the Gulf coast to the uplands east of the Mississippi River, ex- 

 tending northward in Alabama to the southern foothills of the Appalachian Mountains and 

 to central and western Mississippi (Hinds and Adams Counties) ; west of the Mississippi 

 River to the valley of the Trinity River, Texas, and through eastern Texas and western 

 Louisiana nearly to the northern borders of this state. 



12. Pinus caribsea Morelet. Slash Pine. Swamp Pine. 



Pinus heterophylla Sudw. 



Leaves stout, in crowded 2 and 3-leaved clusters, dark green and lustrous, marked by 

 numerous bands of stomata on each face, 8'-12' long, deciduous at the end of their second 

 season. Flowers in January and February before the appearance of the new leaves, male in 

 short crowded clusters, dark purple; female lateral on long peduncles, pink. Fruit ovoid or 

 ovoid-conic, reflexed during its first year, pendant, 2'-6' long, with thin flexible flat 



