SYNOPSIS 

 OF THE FAMILIES OF PLANTS DESCRIBED IN THIS BOOK 



Class I. GYMNOSPERM.E. 



Resinous trees; stems formed of bark, wood, or pith, and increasing in diameter by 

 the annual addition of a layer of wood inside the bark; flowers unisexual; stamens 

 numerous; ovules and seeds 2 or many, borne on the face of a scale, not inclosed in an 

 ovary; embryo with 2 or more cotyledons; leaves straight-veined, without stipules. 



I. Pinaceae (p. 1). Flowers usually monoecious; ovules 2 or several; fruit a woody cone (in 

 Juniperus berry-like); cotyledons 2 or many; leaves needle-shaped, linear or scale-like, per- 

 sistent (deciduous in Larix and Taxodium). 



II. Taxaceae (p. 90). Flowers dioecious, axillary, solitary; ovules 1; fruit surrounded by or 

 inclosed in the enlarged fleshy aril-like disk of the flower; cotyledons 2; leaves linear, alternate, 

 persistent. 



Class II. ANGIOSPERM.E. 



Carpels or pistils consisting of a closed cavity containing the ovules and becoming 

 the fruit. 



Division I. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



Stems with woody fibres distributed irregularly through them, but without pith or 

 annual layers of growth; parts of the flower in 3's; ovary superior, 3-celled; embryo 

 with a single cotyledon; leaves parallel -veined, persistent, without stipules. 



III. Palmae (p. 96). Ovule solitary; fruit baccate or drupaceous, 1 or rarely 2 or 3-seeded; 

 leaves alternate, pinnate, flabellate or orbicular, persistent. 



IV. Liliaceae (p. 110). Ovules numerous in each cell; fruit 3-celled, capsular or baccate; 

 leaves linear-lanceolate. 



Division II. DICOTYLEDONS. 



Stems formed of bark, wood, or pith, and increasing by the addition of an annual 

 layer of wood inside the bark; parts of the flower mostly in 4's or 5's; embryo with a 

 pair of opposite cotyledons; leaves netted-veined. 



SUBDIVISION 1. APETAL^E. Flowers without a corolla and sometimes without a 

 calyx. 



Section 1. Flowers in unisexual aments (female flowers of Juglans and Que-rcus 

 solitary or in spikes) ; ovary inferior (superior in Leitneriaceoe) when a calyx is present. 



V. Salicaceae (p. 119). Flowers dioecious, without a calyx. Fruit a 2-4-valved capsule. 

 Leaves simple, alternate, with stipules, deciduous. 



VI. Myricaceae (p. 163). Flowers monoecious or dioecious; fruit a dry drupe, covered 

 with waxy exudations; leaves simple, alternate, resinous-punctate, persistent. 



VII. Leitneriaceae (p. 167). Flowers dioecious, the staminate without a calyx; ovary 

 superior; fruit a compressed oblong drupe; leaves alternate, simple, without stipules, decidu- 

 ous. 



VIII. Juglandacese (p. 168). Flowers monoecious; fruit a nut inclosed in an indehiscent 

 (Juglans) or 4-valved (Carya) fleshy or woody shell; leaves alternate, unequally pinnate 

 without stipules, deciduous. 



