TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



Fig. 22 



only 4 or 5 tall; occasionally growing to the height of 80-100, with a trunk 2^ thick, 

 and frequently divided above the middle into two ascending stems, slender branches ar- 

 ranged in regular 

 whorls while the tree 

 is young, and in old 

 S^S age forming a narrow 

 round-topped strag- 

 gling head of sparse 

 thin foliage, and 

 slender dark orange- 

 brown branchlets 

 growing darker dur- 

 ing their second sea- 

 son. Bark of young 

 stems and branches 

 thin, smooth, pale 

 brown, becoming at 

 the base of old trunks 

 |'-f ' thick and dark 



brown often tinged with purple, slightly and irregularly divided by shallow fissures and 

 broken into large loose scales. Wood light, soft, not strong, brittle, coarse-grained, light 

 brown, with thick sapwood sometimes slightly tinged with red. 



Distribution. Dry mountain slopes from the valley of the Mackenzie River in Oregon 

 over the mountains of southwestern Oregon, where it is most abundant and grows to its 

 largest size, often forming pure forests over large areas, southward along the western slopes 

 of the Cascade Mountains; in California on the northern cross ranges, the coast ranges from 

 Trinity to Sonoma Counties, the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada to Mariposa County, 

 and over the southern coast ranges from Santa Cruz to the dry arid southern slopes of the 

 San Bernardino Mountains, where it forms a belt between City and East Twin Creeks at 

 an altitude of 3500 above the sea. 



17. Pinus Sabiniana Dougl. Digger Pine. Bull Pine. 



Leaves stout, flexible, pendant, pale blue-green, marked on each face with numerous 

 rows of pale stomata, 

 8'-12' long, deciduous 

 usually in their third 

 and fourth years. Flow- 

 ers: male yellow; fe- 

 male on stout pedun- 

 cles, dark purple. Fruit 

 oblong-ovoid, full and 

 rounded at base, point- 

 ed, becoming light 'red- 

 dish brown, 6'- 10' long, 

 long-stalked, pendu- 

 lous, the scales nar- 

 rowed into a stout in- 

 curved sharp hook, 

 strongly reflexed to- 

 ward the base of the 



cone and armed with ^ ^ Fig. 23 



spur-like incurved 



spines; seeds full and rounded below, somewhat compressed toward the apex, \' long, 

 \' wide, dark brown or nearly black, with a thick hard shell, encircled by their wings much 



