JUGLANDACE^E 



187 



and occasionally acuminate at apex, more or less compressed, prominently 4-ridged and 

 angled or often 6-ridged, furnished at base with a stout long point, light yellow to reddish 

 brown, \\'-Z\' long and H'-lf wide, with a hard bony shell sometimes \' thick; seed 

 light chestnut-brown, very sweet. 



A tree, occasionally 120 high, with a straight slender trunk often free of branches for 

 more than half its height and rarely exceeding 3 in diameter, comparatively small spread- 

 ing branches forming a narrow oblong head, and stout dark or light orange-colored branch- 

 lets at first pilose or covered with pale or rufous pubescence or tomentum, roughened by 

 scattered elevated long pale lenticels, orange-brown and glabrous or puberulous during 

 their first winter, and marked by oblong 3-lobed emarginate leaf-scars. Winter-buds: 

 terminal ovoid, rather obtuse, sometimes 1' long and ' wide, and three or four times as 

 large as the axillary buds, usually covered by 11 or 12 scales, the outer dark brown, puber- 

 ulous, generally keeled, with a long point at apex, the inner scales obovate, pointed or 

 rounded at apex, light green tinged with red, or bright red or yellow, covered with silky 

 pubescence on the outer face, slightly resinous, becoming 2'-3' long and 1' wide. Bark 

 l'-2' thick, light gray, separating into broad thick plates frequently 3-4 long, sometimes 



Fig. 177 



remaining for many years hanging on the trunk. Wood heavy, very hard, strong and 

 tough, close-grained, very flexible,, dark brown, with comparatively thin nearly white 

 sapwood. The large nuts are often sold in the markets of western cities and commercially 

 are not often distinguished from those of the Shellbark Hickory. 



Distribution. Rich bottom-lands usually inundated during several weeks of every year; 

 central and western New York and southeastern Ontario, and westward through southern 

 Ohio, southern Michigan, Indiana and Illinois to southeastern Iowa and southeastern 

 Nebraska, through Missouri and Arkansas to southeastern Kansas and northeastern Okla- 

 homa, and southward through eastern Pennsylvania to western West Virginia; in south- 

 eastern Tennessee; banks of the Alabama River, Dallas County, Alabama, and in West 

 Feliciana Parish, Louisiana. 



X Carya Nussbaumerii Sarg. with leaves like those of C. laciniosa, slender branchlets, 

 and large fruit of the shape of that of the Pecan but without sutural wings and white or 

 nearly white nuts, believed to be a hybrid of these species, has been found near Fayette- 

 ville, St. Clair County, Illinois, at Mt. Vernon, Posey County, Indiana, near Burlington, Des 

 Moines County, Iowa, and from the neighborhood of Rockville, Bates County, Missouri. 



Trees intermediate in character between C. laciniosa and C. ovata growing on the bottoms 

 of the Genessee River at Golah, Munroe County, New York, and believed to be hybrids 

 of these species, are X C. Dunbarii Sarg. 



