JUGLANDACEyE 191 



\' wide. Flowers: staminate in aments covered with fascicled hairs and silvery scales, 

 1\ r'-5' long, pubernlous and glandular on the outer surface, with linear acuminate bracts; 

 stamens 4, anthers hirsute; pistillate usually solitary, oblong, covered with yellow scales, 

 their bract ovate-lanceolate, ciliate on the margin. Fruit pubescent and covered with 

 yellow scales, ellipsoidal to obovoid, broad-obovoid, subglobose to depressed-globose, and 

 from '-H' in length, with a husk from $'-' in thickness, splitting tardily to the base by 2 

 or 3 of the sutures, or occasionally remaining unopened until midwinter; nut white, rounded 

 at the ends, or obcordate or obtusely pointed at apex, compressed, more or less prominently 

 ridged nearly to the base, with a shell i'- T V thick; seed small and sweet. 



A tree occasionally 90-110 high, with a tall trunk 2f-3 in diameter, usually not more 

 than 30-40 tall, with a trunk 12'-18' in diameter, stout branches, the upper erect, the lower 

 often pendulous, and slender red-brown glabrous or pubescent branchlets. Winter-buds 

 acute or obtuse, reddish brown, puberulous and covered with silvery scales, the terminal 

 |' long with 6-9 scales and rather larger than the lateral buds usually covered with fewer 

 scales. Bark of large trees grown in good soil pale and slightly ridged, that of trees 

 on dry ridges, rough, deeply furrowed, dark gray and southward often nearly black. Wood 

 brown with nearly white sapwood; probably little used except as fuel. 



Distribution. Sandy soil in the neighborhood of Cape May, New Jersey, in southern 

 Delaware, and in the southern part of the Maryland peninsula; common in rich soil in 

 Gloucester and James City Counties, Virginia, growing here to its largest size, and south- 

 ward from southeast Virginia through the Piedmont region of North and South Carolina, 

 ascending to altitudes of 2200 in the mountain valleys of these states; common in north- 

 ern and central Georgia and southeastern Tennessee, occasionally reaching the Georgia 

 coast and the southwestern part of that state; in western Florida, through northern and 

 central Alabama to Dallas County, and through southern Mississippi to northeastern 

 Louisiana (near Kentwood, Tangipahoa Parish) ; in Mississippi extending northward to 

 the valley of the Yazoo River in Yazoo County; in northern Tennessee (Lexington, 

 Henderson County) ; in Alabama the common Hickory on the dry gravelly and poor 

 soils of the upland table-lands and ridges of the central part of the state. 



12. Carya glabra Sweet. Pignut. 

 Carya porcina Nutt. 



Leaves 8'-12' long, with slender glabrous petioles and rachis, and 5 or rarely 7 lanceolate 

 or oblanceolate finely serrate leaflets acuminate at the ends, yellow-green and glabrous 

 above, glabrous, or pubescent on the midrib below, the terminal leaflet sometimes obo- 

 vate, 4 '-4^' long and 5' or 6' wide, and raised on a glabrous or sparingly pubescent stalk, 

 %'-%' in length, the lateral leaflets sessile, those of the upper pair about the size of the 

 terminal leaflet, and two or three times larger than those of the lower pair. Flowers: stamin- 

 ate in short-stalked pubescent aments 2'-2^' long, yellow-green, the bract villose, much 

 longer than the calyx-lobes; stamens 4, anthers yellow, villose toward the apex; pistillate 

 in few-flowered spikes, oblong, coated with hoary tomentum like the lanceolate acuminate 

 bract. Fruit obovoid, compressed, rounded at apex, gradually narrowed below and often 

 abruptly contracted into a stipe-like base, about 1' long and ' wide, with a husk from 

 iV-i' in thickness, opening late by one or two sutures or often remaining closed; nut 

 obovoid, compressed, without ridges, rounded or slightly obcordate at apex, gradually nar- 

 rowed and rounded below, with a hard thick shell; seed small and sweet. 



A tree 60-90 high, with a trunk 2-2^ in diameter, with small spreading often drooping 

 branches forming a tall narrow head, and slender glabrous reddish branchlets marked by 

 pale lenticels. Winter-buds ovoid, acute, light brown, glabrous, '-' long and l'-\' in 

 diameter, the inner scales covered with close pubescence. Bark close, ridged, light gray. 

 Wood heavy, hard, strong and tough, flexible, light or dark brown, with thick lighter- 

 colored sapwood; used for the handles of tools and in the manufacture of wagons and agri- 

 cultural implements, and largely for fuel. 



