TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



lanceolate, brown and scarious, about \' in length. Flowers: staminate aments in short 

 stout-stemmed racemes, during the winter light yellow, \'-\' long and about iV thick, 

 becoming when the flowers open at the end of February before the appearance of the leaves 

 2'-2|' in length, with ovate pointed dark orange-brown scales; calyx 4-lobed; stamens 3 or 

 occasionally 2, with pale red anthers soon becoming light yellow; pistillate aments naked 

 during the winter, \' to nearly ' long, with light brown ovate rounded scales; stigmas 

 bright red. Fruit: strobiles \'-V long, with thin scales slightly thickened and nearly trun- 

 cate at apex; nut broadly ovoid, with a narrow membranaceous border. 



A tree, in the United States rarely more than 20-30 high, with a trunk sometimes 8' in 

 diameter, long slender spreading branches forming an open round-topped head, and slender 

 branchlets slightly puberulous when they first appear, light orange-red and lustrous during 

 their first winter, and marked by small conspicuous pale lenticels, becoming in their second 

 year dark red-brown or gray tinged with red and much roughened by the elevated leaf- 

 scars. Winter-buds acute, red, lustrous, glabrous, \' long. Bark thin, smooth, light 

 brown tinged with red. 



Distribution. Banks of streams in camons of the mountains of southern New Mexico 

 and Arizona at altitudes of 4000-6000 above the sea; in Oak Creek Canon near Flagstaff, 

 northern Arizona (tree 1 00 X 3, P. Lowell} ; and on the mountains of northern Mexico. 



6. Alnus maritima Nutt. Alder. 



Leaves oblong-ovate, or obovate, acute, acuminate or rounded at apex, gradually nar- 

 rowed and cuneate at base, remotely serrate with minute incurved glandular teeth, and 

 somewhat thickened on the slightly undulate margins, when they unfold, light green tinged 

 with red, hairy on the midrib, veins, and petioles, and coated above with pale scurfy 



Fig. 214 



pubescence, at maturity dark green, very lustrous, and covered below by minute pale 

 glandular dots, 3'-4' long, l|'-2' wide, with a stout yellow midrib and primary veins promi- 

 nent and glandular on the upper side and slightly puberulous below; petioles stout, yellow, 

 glandular, flattened and grooved on the upper side, '-f ' in length; stipules oblong, acute, 

 about f long, dark reddish brown, caducous. Flowers opening in the autumn: aments 

 appearing in July on branches of the year and fully grown in August or early in Septem- 

 ber; staminate in short scurfy-pubescent glandular-pitted racemes on slender peduncles 

 sometimes 1' in length from the axils of upper leaves, covered at first with ovate acute 

 dark green very lustrous scales slightly ciliate on the margins and furnished at apex with 

 minute red points, at maturity 1|'-2|' long, \' to nearly \' thick, with dark orange-brown 

 scales raised on slender stalks, and 4 bright orange-colored stamens; pistillate usually sol- 



