250 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



spreading, mostly triangular, acute and entire, or those of the upper and of the middle 

 pair often broad and repand-lobulate at the oblique ends, sometimes gradually 3-lobed at 

 the broad apex and narrowed and entire below, or equally 3-lobed, with broad or narrow 

 spreading lateral lobes, or occasionally pinnatifid, when they unfold bright green tinged with 

 red, ciliate on the margins and coated on the midrib, veins, and petioles with loose pale 

 pubescence, at maturity thin, bright green and lustrous above, paler below, and gla- 

 brous or furnished with tufts of hairs 'in the axils of the primary veins, usually about 

 2^' long and 1|' wide; turning dull orange and scarlet in the autumn; petioles slender, 

 s'-f' in length. Flowers: staminate in slender glabrous or pubescent aments 2'-3' long; 

 calyx divided into 4 or 5 broadly ovate rounded segments rather shorter than the stamens; 

 pistillate on short glabrous slender peduncles; their involucral scales rather shorter than 

 the acute calyx-lobes, pubescent or puberulous; stigmas bright red. Fruit short-stalked; 

 nut ellipsoidal or subglobose, $'-' long, light red-brown and lustrous, inclosed for one 

 third to nearly one half its length in a thick cup-shaped cup light red-brown and lustrous 

 on the inner surface, and covered by thin ovate bright light red-brown truncate erose 

 scales. 



Distribution. Georgia; on Stone Mountain, and Little Stone Mountain, Dekalb County; 

 on a few other granite hills between the Yellow and Oconee rivers in the region south and 

 east of Stone Mountain (Winder, Jackson County, Rockmart, Polk County and at Warm 

 Springs, Meriwether County). 



Occasionally cultivated, and hardy in eastern Massachusetts. 



X Quercus Smallii Trel., a possible hybrid of Quercus georgiana and Q. marilandica, 

 occurs on the slopes and summit of Little Stone Mountain, Dekalb County, Georgia. 



8. Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak. Yellow-bark Oak. 



Leaves ovate or oblong, rounded, cuneate or truncate at base, mostly 7-lobed 

 and sometimes divided nearly to the middle by wide rounded sinuses into narrow obovate 

 more or less repand-dentate lobes, or into elongated nearly entire mucronate lobes taper- 

 ing gradually from a broad base, the terminal lobe oblong, elongated, acute, furnished with 

 small lateral teeth, or broad, rounded, and coarsely repand-dentate, or slightly divided 

 into broad dentate lobes or sinuate-dentate, bright crimson when they unfold, and covered 

 above by long loose scattered white hairs and below with thick pale or silvery white tomen- 

 tum, hoary-pubescent when half grown, and at maturity thick and firm or subcoriaceous, 

 dark green and lustrous above, below yellow-green, brown or dull copper color and more 

 or less pubescent or glabrous with the exception of tufts of rusty hairs in the axils of the 

 principal veins, 3'-12' long and 2'-10' wide, but usually 5 '-6' long and 3'-4' wide, with a 

 stout midrib and primary veins; late in the autumn turning dull red, dark orange color, 

 or brown, and falling gradually during the winter; petioles stout, yellow, glabrous or puber- 

 ulous, 3'-6' in length. Flowers: staminate in tomentose or pubescent aments 4 '-6' long; 

 calyx coated with pale hairs, with ovate acute lobes; pistillate on short tomentose peduncles, 

 their involucral scales ovate, shorter than the acute calyx-lobes; stigmas bright red. 

 Fruit sessile or short-stalked, solitary or in pairs; nut ovoid-oblong, obovoid, oval or hemi- 

 spheric, broad and rounded at base, full and rounded at apex, light red-brown, often 

 striate, frequently coated with soft rufous pubescence, '- |' long and broad, or rarely I' long 

 and broad, inclosed for about half its length or rarely nearly to the apex in the thin deeply 

 cup-shaped or turbinate cup dark red-brown on the inner surface, covered by thin light 

 chestnut-brown acute hoary scales closely appressed at the base of the cup, loosely im- 

 bricated above the middle, with free scarious tips forming a fringe-like border to its rim. 



A tree, often 70-80 and occasionally 150 high, with a trunk 3-4 in diameter, slender 

 branches spreading gradually into a narrow open head, stout branchlets coated at first 

 with pale or fulvous scurfy tomentum, becoming in their first winter glabrous, dull red or 

 reddish brown, growing dark brown in their second year or brown slightly tinged with 

 red. Winter-buds ovoid, strongly angled, gradually narrowed and obtuse at apex, hoary- 

 tomentose, |'-|' long. Bark of young stems and branches smooth, dark brown, deep 



