FAGACE.E 



265 



thin closely imbricated bright red-brown scales ciliate on the margins. Bark of young 

 trees \'-\.' thick, dark brown more or less tinged with red, roughened by small closely 

 appressed scales, becoming at the base of old trees l'-2' thick, nearly black, and divided 

 by deep fissures into broad flat ridges. Wood heavy, very strong and hard, coarse-grained, 

 liable to check badly in drying, dark brown tinged with red, with thick lighter colored sap- 

 wood; probably used only as fuel. 



Distribution. Sandy banks of streams and swamps and rich hummocks in the neigh- 

 borhood of the coast; North Carolina (near Newbern) southward to the shores of Bay 

 Biscayne and the valley of the Caloosahatchie River, Florida, and in the interior of the 

 peninsula to the neighborhood of Lake Istokpaga, De Soto County, and westward to 

 eastern Louisiana, ranging inland to Darlington, Darlington County, South Carolina, 

 to the neighborhood of Augusta, Richmond County, Mayfield, Hancock County, Albany, 

 Dougherty County, Cuthbert, Randolph County, and Bainbridge, Decatur County, 

 Georgia, Georgiana, Butler County, and Berlin, Dallas County, Alabama, Rockport, 

 Copiah County, Mississippi, and to the neighborhood of Bogalusa, Washington Parish, 

 Louisiana (R. S. Cocks) ; nowhere abundant, but most common and of its largest size in 

 eastern Florida. 



19. Quercus cinerea Michx. Blue Jack. Upland Willow Oak. 



Quercus brevifolia Sarg. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate to oblong-obovate, gradually narrowed and cuneate or some- 

 times rounded at base, acute or rounded and apiculate at apex, entire with slightly thick- 

 ened undulate margins, or at the ends of vigorous sterile branches occasionally 3-lobed at 



Fig. 243 



the apex and variously lobed on the margins (/3 dentato-lobata A. De Candolle), when they 

 unfold bright pink and pubescent on the upper surface, coated on the lower with thick 

 silvery white tomentum, at maturity firm in texture, blue-green, lustrous, conspicuously re- 

 ticulate venulose above, pale-tomentose below, 2'-5' long, $'-!?' wide, with a stout yellow 

 midrib and remote obscure primary veins forked and united within the margins; turn- 

 ing red and falling gradually late in the autumn or in early winter; petioles stout, \'-\' 

 in length. Flowers: staminate in hoary-tomentose aments 2'-3' long; calyx pubescent, 

 bright red and furnished at apex with a thick tuft of silvery white hairs before opening, di- 

 vided into 4 or 5 ovate acute lobes, becoming yellow as it opens; stamens 4 or 5; anthers 

 apiculate, dark red in the bud, becoming yellow; pistillate on short stout tomentose 

 peduncles, their involucral scales about as long as the acute calyx-lobes and coated with 



