266 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



pale tomentum; stigmas dark red. Fruit produced in great profusion, sessile or raised on 

 a short stalk rarely ' long; nut ovoid, full and rounded at the ends or subglobose, about 

 \' long, often striate, hoary-pubescent at apex, inclosed only at the base or for one half 

 its length in a thin saucer-shaped or cup-shaped cup bright red-brown and coated with 

 lustrous pale pubescence on the inner surface, and covered by thin closely imbricated ovate- 

 oblong scales hoary-tomentose except on the dark red-brown margins. 



A tree on dry hills, usually 15-20 high, with a trunk 5 '-6' in diameter, stout branches 

 forming a narrow irregular head, and thick rigid branchlets coated at first with a dense 

 fulvous or hoary tomentum of fascicled hairs, soon becoming glabrous or puberulous, 

 dark brown sometimes tinged with red during their first winter and darker in their 

 second year; or in low moist soil often 60-75 high, with a trunk 18'-20' in diameter, and 

 a broad round-topped shapely head of drooping branches. Winter-buds ovoid, acute, with 

 numerous rather loosely imbricated bright chestnut-brown scales ciliate on the margins, 

 often \' long on vigorous branches, frequently obtuse and occasionally much smaller. 

 Bark f-H' thick, and divided into thick nearly square plates l'-2' long, and covered by 

 small dark brown or nearly black scales slightly tinged with red. Wood hard, strong, 

 close-grained, light brown tinged with red, with thick darker colored sap wood; probably 

 only used as fuel. 



Distribution. Sandy barrens and dry upland ridges, and in the rich moist soil of the 

 pine-covered flats of the Florida peninsula; North Carolina southward to the shores of the 

 Indian River and Peace Creek, Florida, and along the Gulf coast to the valley of the 

 Brazos River, Texas; in the Atlantic and middle Gulf states mostly confined to a maritime 

 belt 40-60 wide, extending across the Florida peninsula as far south as the sand hills in 

 the neighborhood of Lake Istokpoga, De Soto County, and west of the Mississippi River, 

 ranging inland to the neighborhood of Dallas, Dallas County, Texas and to southeastern 

 Oklahoma (near Antlers, Pushmataha County). 



X Quercus dubia Ashe, believed to be a hybrid of Quercus cinerea and Q. laurifolia occurs 

 at Abbottsburg, Bladen County, North Carolina, on the coast of South Carolina, in south- 

 ern Georgia and northern and central Florida, and at Mississippi City, Lincoln County, 

 Mississippi. 



X Quercus subintegra Trel., a supposed hybrid of Quercus cinera and Q. rubra occurs 

 at Lumber City, Telfair County, Georgia, Lake City, Columbia County, Florida, and at 

 Berlin, Dallas County, Alabama. 



X Quercus sublaurifolia Trel., a supposed hybrid of Quercus cinerea and Q. laurifolia 

 occurs at Folkston, Charlton County, Georgia, and at Biloxi, Harrison County, Mississippi. 



X Quercus carolinensis Trel., believed to be a hybrid of Quercus cinerea and Q. mari- 

 landica occurs at Newbern, Craven County, North Carolina, Lumber City, Telfair 

 County and Climax, Decatur County, Georgia, and near Fletcher, Hardin County, Texas. 



X Quercus caduca Trel., believed to be a hybrid of Quercus cinerea and Q. nigra, occurs 

 at Folkston, Charlton County and Lumber City, Telfair County, Georgia, Jacksonville, 

 Duval County, and Gainsville, Alachua County, Florida, Mississippi City, Harrison 

 County, Mississippi, and at Milano, Milano County and Bryan, Brazos County, Texas. 



X Quercus oviedoensis Sarg., believed to be a hybrid of Quercus cinerea and Q. myrtifolia, 

 has been found near Oviedo, Orange County, Florida. 



20. Quercus imbricaria Michx. Shingle Oak. Laurel Oak. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate to oblong-obovate, apiculate and acute or rounded at apex, 

 gradually narrowed and cuneate or rounded at base, entire with slightly thickened, rev- 

 olute often undulate margins, or sometimes more or less 3-lobed, or on sterile branches 

 occasionally repand-lobulate, when they unfold bright red, soon becoming yellow-green, 

 covered with scurfy rusty pubescence on the upper surface and hoary-tomentose on the 

 lower, at maturity thin, glabrous, dark green, and very lustrous above, pale green or light 

 brown and pubescent below, 4 '-6' long, f '-2' wide, with a stout yellow midrib, numerous 

 slender yellow veins arcuate and united at some distance from the margins, and reticulate 



