382 



TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



depressed globose, pale yellow when ripe, I'-ly' high, Ij'-lf ' in diameter, with a shallow 

 only slightly corrugated cavity at apex and a shallow concave depression at base. 



An arborescent shrub or small tree, rarely more than 15 high, often spreading into thickets, 

 with a trunk 4' or 5' in diameter, spreading spinescent branches forming an open irregular 

 head, and slender branchlets slightly pubescent at first, soon glabrous, bright red-brown 

 in their first and second years, becoming dark gray-brown and marked by yellow lenticels. 

 Bark dark gray, divided by shallow longitudinal fissures and finally separating into small 

 thin scales. 



Distribution. Glades and open woods in rich soil; western New York (Ontario, Munroe, 

 Cattaraugus and Erie Counties) to southern Ontario, western Pennsylvania (near Carnot, 

 Allegheny County); and southeastern and northern Ohio; Tiptop, Tazewell County, Vir- 

 ginia; near Spruce Pine, Mitchell County, North Carolina; slopes of Lookout Mountain, 

 above Valleyhead, DeKalb County, Alabama; apparently most generally distributed and 

 most abundant in Ohio. 



3. Malus coronaria L. Crab Apple. Garland Tree. 



Leaves ovate to oval, rounded, acute or acuminate and often abruptly short-pointed 

 at apex, rounded or cuneate at base, and coarsely serrate usually only above the middle, 

 tinged with red .and villose-pubescent when they unfold, soon glabrous, and at maturity 



Fig. 339 



yellow-green above, paler below, 2'-3' long and 1|' wide, with a prominent midrib and thin 

 inconspicuous primary veins; turning yellow in the autumn before falling; petioles slender, 

 at first puberulous, becoming glabrous, I'-l' in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots 

 broad-ovate, usually lobed with short acute lobes, more coarsely serrate, thicker, often 3'-4' 

 long and 2'-3' wide, with a prominent midrib and primary veins, and stout petioles often 

 tinged with red and l|'-2' in length. Flowers l|'-lf in diameter, on glabrous pedicels 

 %'-l' long, in 3-6-flowered clusters: calyx-tube glabrous, or rarely more or less densely 

 villose-pubescent (var. dasy calyx Rehd.), the lobes long-acuminate, longer than the tube, 

 sparingly pubescent on the outer surface, hoary-tomentose on the inner surface; petals ob- 

 long-obovate, gradually or abruptly narrowed into a long claw, about \' wide; stamens 

 shorter than the petals; styles 5, clothed for half their length with long white hairs and 

 united at the base. Fruit on slender pedicels l|'-2' in length, green when fully grown, 

 yellow-green at maturity, f '-!' high and l'-lf wide. 



A tree, often forming dense thickets, 25-30 high, with a trunk 12'- 14' in diameter, divid- 

 ing 8-10 above the ground into several stout spreading branches forming a wide open 

 head, and branchlets hoary-tomentose when they first appear, glabrous or slightly pubes- 

 cent, bright red-brown and marked by occasional small pale lenticels in their first winter, and 



