ROSACE^E 383 



developing in their second year stout, spur-like, somewhat spinescent lateral branchlets. 

 Winter-buds obtuse, with bright red scales scarious and ciliate on the dark margins. Bark 

 s' thick, longitudinally fissured, the outer layer separating into long narrow persistent red- 

 brown scales. Wood heavy, close-grained, not strong, light red, with yellow sapwood of 

 18-20 layers of annual growth; used for levers, the handles of tools, and many small domestic 

 articles. 



Distribution. Western New York to southern Ontario and westward through Ohio, south- 

 ern Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, and southern Wisconsin to Missouri (Jackson and Butler 

 Counties), and southward through Pennsylvania to northern Delaware, and along the Appa- 

 lachian Mountains to North Carolina, sometimes up to altitudes of 3300; the var. dasycalyx 

 common and widely distributed in Ohio (Lorain, Clark, Franklin, Hardin and Lucas Coun- 

 ties, R. E. Horsey}, and in Wells and Porter Counties, Indiana (C. C. Deam). 



Sometimes planted in the gardens of the northern and eastern states; passing into 



Malus coronaria var. elongata Rehd. 

 Mains elongata Ashe. 



Leaves oblong-ovate, gradually narrowed and acuminate at apex, rounded or broad- 

 cuneate at base, incisely serrate or slightly lobed, floccose-tomentose when they unfold, soon 

 glabrous, dark yellow-green above, lighter below, 2'-3' long, l'-li' wide; at the end of vig- 





Fig. 340 



orous shoots ovate, rounded or broad and cuneate at base, acuminate, lobed with short 

 acuminate lobes, 3|'-4' long, 2'-2|' wide, with a prominent midrib and primary veins, and 

 slightly pubescent orange-colored petioles l'-l|' in length. Flowers and Fruit as in the 

 species. 



A shrub or small tree, sometimes forming dense almost impenetrable thickets. 



Distribution. Western New York (Ontario, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties); Virginia 

 (on Peak Mountain, Pulaski County); West Virginia (near Elkins, Randolph County, 

 and WTiite Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County), and westward to southern Ohio (Oberlin, 

 Lorain County); North Carolina (near Highlands, Macon County); and northeastern 

 Georgia (Rabun County). 



4. Malus platycarpa Rehd. Crab Apple. 



Leaves ovate to elliptic, abruptly contracted at the rounded apex into a short point, 

 rounded at base, and sharply usually doubly serrate, when they unfold covered with long 



