396 



TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



brown in their second season, and marked by small dark lenticels; at the north often a 

 shrub sometimes only a few feet high. Winter-buds \' long, about j 1 ^' thick, green tinged 

 with red, the inner scales lanceolate, bright red above the middle, ciliate with silky white 

 hairs, and sometimes 1' long when fully grown. Bark \'-\' thick, dark reddish brown, 

 divided by shallow fissures into narrow longitudinal ridges and covered by small persistent 

 scales. Wood heavy, exceedingly hard, strong, close-grained, dark brown sometimes 

 tinged with red, with thick lighter-colored sapwood of 40-50 layers of annual growth; oc- 

 casionally used for the handles of tools and other small implements. 



Fig. 351 



Distribution. Cool ravines and hillsides; Newfoundland, through the maritime prov- 

 inces of Canada, Quebec and Ontario to northern Wisconsin, and southward through 

 New England, New York and Pennsylvania, and along the Appalachian Mountains to 

 northern Georgia; on the North Carolina Mountains ascending to altitudes of 5500; 

 common and generally distributed at the north and in New England, New York and 

 through the Appalachian forests; the forma nitida only in Newfoundland. 



Occasionally cultivated and very beautiful in spring with its abundant pure white flow- 

 ers and conspicuous red-brown leaves. 



3. Amelanchier florida Lindl. Service Berry. 



Amelanchier alnifolia Sarg., probably not Nutt. 

 Amelanchier Cusickii Fern. 



Leaves oblong-ovate to oval or ovate, or at the end of vigorous shoots broad-ovate or 

 occasionally broad-obovate, rounded or rarely acute at apex, rounded or slightly cordate 

 at base, and coarsely serrate only above the middle with straight teeth; when they unfold 

 often tinged with red and sometimes floccose-pubescent below, usually soon glabrous, at 

 maturity thin, dark green on the upper surface, pale and rarely pubescent on the lower 

 surface, l|'-2|'long, and l'-l|' wide, with a thin midrib and about ten pairs of primary 

 veins; petioles slender, at first glabrous or puberulous becoming glabrous, ^'-1' in length. 

 Flowers '-f' long, appearing when the leaves are about half grown on pedicels |'-j' 

 in length, in short crowded erect glabrous or pubescent racemes, their bracts and bractlets 

 scarious, slightly villose; calyx-tube campanulate, glabrous or tomentose, the lobes ovate, 

 long-acuminate, glabrous or tomentose on the outer surface, tomentose or rarely nearly 

 glabrous on the inner surface, soon reflexed; petals oblong-obovate gradually narrowed or 

 broad at the rounded apex, \'-\' wide; summit of the ovary densely tomentose. Fruit 



