422 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



when they unfold glabrous and slightly villose along the midrib and the lower side of the 

 principal veins, nearly fully grown when the flowers open early in May, and at maturity 

 thin and firm or subcoriaceous, dark green and very lustrous above, pale below, l'-l|' long, 

 and f '-!' wide, usually with 4 pairs of thin primary veins, a stout midrib sometimes pu- 

 berulous on the under side and bright red in the autumn; petioles frequently red at ma- 

 turity, I' I' in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots sometimes 3' long and 2' wide, 

 mostly broad-elliptic, acute or acuminate, coarsely doubly serrate, and frequently divided 

 toward the apex into short broad acute lobes; petioles, strait, glandular; petioles broadly 

 winged, and occasionally glandular with minute dark glands. Flowers cup-shaped, 

 about f ' in diameter, on slender elongated pedicels, in loose thin-branched many-flowered 

 glabrous or villose corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous or occasionally pilose 

 toward the base, the lobes linear-lanceolate, entire or finely glandular-serrate; stamens 

 20; anthers small, light yellow; styles 3-5, surrounded at base by a narrow ring of pale 

 hairs. Fruit ripening about the middle of October, gracefully drooping on elongated thin 

 bright red pedicels, in many-fruited clusters, subglobose to short-bblong, somewhat flat- 

 tened at apex, full and rounded at base, bright orange-red, about |' in diameter; calyx 

 prominent, with a short tube and usually erect lobes often deciduous before the fruit ripens; 

 nutlets usually 3, about j' long. 



A tree, from 20-30 high, with a tall straight trunk 6'-8' in diameter, covered with thin 

 ashy gray or light red-brown bark, sometimes armed with long slender or branched spines, 

 spreading slightly pendulous branches forming a rather open broad symmetrical head, 

 and branchlets furnished with thin nearly straight bright chestnut-brown shining spines 

 I'-lf long. 



Distribution. Western Georgia to central Alabama and eastern Mississippi, and north- 

 ward to middle Tennessee; abundant and of its largest size in the low flat woods near 

 Birmingham, Jefferson County, Alabama, ascending into the poorer and drier soils of the 

 neighboring hillsides and low mountain slopes. 



II. PUNCTATE. 

 CONSPECTUS OF THE ARBORESCENT SPECIES. 



Fruit usually short-oblong. 



Anthers rose color or yellow; stamens 20; leaves obovate, often acutely lobed above the 

 middle, their veins deeply impressed; fruit on stout pedicels, short-oblong to sub- 

 globose, flattened at the ends, dull red or bright yellow, marked by large pale dots. 



26. C. punctate (A). 



Anthers rose color; stamens 10-20; leaves oblong-obovate or oval, their veins not deeply 

 impressed, fruit on long slender pedicels, short-oblong to obovoid, rounded at the 

 ends, dull brick-red, marked by large pale dots. 27. C. pausiaca (A). 



Fruit usually globose or subglobose. 

 Stamens 20. 



Anthers pale yellow. 

 Corymbs villose. 



Leaves obovate to oval or rarely rhombic, acute; fruit globose, or sometimes 

 broader than high, dull red, marked by small pale dots. 28. C. collina (A, C) . 

 Leaves obovate, oval, or ovate, acute or acuminate, incisely lobed; fruit globose, 

 dull red. 29. C. amnicola (C). 



Corymbs glabrous; leaves broadly oval to ovate, rounded or acute at apex, occa- 

 sionally rounded at base, subcoriaceous; fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dull 

 orange-red, marked by large pale dots. 30. C. fastosa (C). 



Anthers rose color. 



Leaves scabrate on the upper surface. 



Leaves ovate, oval or rarely obovate, acuminate; flowers in compact usually 

 6-8-flowered corymbs. 31. C. sylvestris (A). 



