ROSACES 



507 



above with usually glandless teeth, and divided above the middle or frequently only at 

 apex into short broad rounded or acute lobes when the flowers open in May, thin and 

 roughened above by short pale hairs and glabrous below, and at maturity firm and rather 

 leathery in texture, or subcoriaceous, glabrous, smooth, dark green and somewhat lustrous 

 on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, l'-lj' long, and 1' wide, with a yellow 

 midrib, and 3-5 pairs of primary veins extending obliquely to the point of the lobes; petioles 

 slender, often slightly winged toward the apex, glandular at first with minute dark red 

 caducous glands, I'-l' in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots broad-ovate or semi- 

 orbicular, usually more deeply and more generally lobed, often 3' long and 2'-3' wide. 

 Flowers about f in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in 3-12-flowered thin-branched 

 slightly villose corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, slightly villose toward the base, or 

 glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from below, acuminate or short-pointed at apex, 

 finely and irregularly glandular-serrate, glabrous or villose on the inner surface; stamens 



Fig. 463 



usually 20; anthers small, light yellow; styles 2 or 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow 

 ring of pale tomentum, and villose below the middle with occasional long spreading hairs. 

 Fruit ripening and falling at the end of September, in few-fruited drooping clusters, short- 

 oblong, rounded at the ends, or subglobose and flattened at the ends, dull dark red or rusty 

 orange-red or rarely yellow, marked by occasional dark dots, and about \' long; calyx only 

 slightly enlarged, the lobes spreading or erect and frequently deciduous before the fruit 

 ripens; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 2 or 3, broad and rounded at base, acute 

 at apex, conspicuously grooved and ridged on the back with a broad rounded ridge, about 

 Y long. 



A tree, occasionally 25 high, with a straight trunk 4 '-6' in diameter, covered with thin 

 dark gray-brown bark, small rather erect branches forming a narrow open head, and slender 

 branchlets, orange-green, glabrous or sometimes pubescent when they first appear, becom- 

 ing bright chestnut-brown and lustrous, and ashy gray or gray tinged with red during their 

 second year, and armed with thin straight or slightly curved bright chestnut-brown spines 

 f-H' long. 



Distribution. Central Iowa (Steamboat Rock, Harden County, Cedar Rapids, Linn 

 County), southward to Missouri (Hannibal, Marion County, Webster, St. Louis County to 

 the neighborhood of Springfield, Greene County), and eastward to northeastern Illinois 

 (Downers Grove, Dupage County); through north central Indiana to southern Michigan 

 (Kalamazoo and Ingham Counties) ; through central and southern Ohio to the southeastern 

 part of the state (Washington County) ; southeastern Ontario (London and Oakwood) ; in 

 central Tennessee (West Nashville, Davidson County). 



