626 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



hairy pedicels from the axils of large lanceolate acuminate dark-red bracts contracted at 

 apex into a long setaceous point exserted beyond the flower-buds and mostly deciduous 

 before the flowers open, in short crowded glandular-hispid racemes; calyx dark red, coated 

 on the outer surface and on the margins of the subulate lobes with long pale hairs; corolla 

 pale rose or flesh color, with a narrow standard marked on the inner face by a pale yellow 

 blotch, and broad wing-petals. Fruit narrow- winged, glandular-hispid, 2'-3' long; seeds 

 I' long, dark reddish brown and mottled. 



A tree, 30-40 high, with a trunk 10'-12' in diameter, slender spreading branches, and 

 dark reddish brown branchlets covered with conspicuous dark glandular hairs exuding, 

 like those on the petioles and legumes, a clammy, sticky substance, during the first winter 

 bright red-brown, covered with small black lenticels and very sticky, becoming in their 

 second year light brown and dry; or a shrub, often only 5-6 tall. Bark of the trunk |' 

 thick, smooth, dark brown tinged with red. Wood heavy, hard, close-grained, brown, with 

 light yellow sap wood of 2 or 3 layers of annual growth. 



Distribution. Mountains of North and South Carolina up to altitudes of 3000, and 

 now naturalized in many parts of the United States east of the Mississippi River and as 

 far north as eastern Massachusetts. 



Often planted as an ornament of parks and gardens in all countries with a temperate 

 climate. 



16. OLNEYAA. Gray. 



A tree, with thin scaly bark, and stout terete hoary-canescent slightly angled branchlets 

 armed with stout infrastipular spines. Leaves equally or unequally pinnate, hoary-canes- 

 cent, persistent, 10-15-foliolulate, destitute of stipules and stipels, short-pet iolate, often 

 fascicled in earlier axils; leaflets oblong or obovate, entire, obtuse, often mucronate at apex, 

 cuneate at base, rigid, short-petiolulate, reticulate-veined, with a broad conspicuous mid- 

 rib. Flowers on stout pedicels rather longer than the calyx, in short axillary few-flowered 

 hoary-canescent racemes, with acute minute bracts and bractlets deciduous before the 

 expansion of the flowers; calyx hoary-canescent, the lobes ovate, obtuse, almost equal, the 

 two upper lobes connate nearly throughout; disk cupuliform, adnate to the tube of the 

 calyx; corolla papilionaceous; petals unguiculate, purple or violet, inserted on the disk; 

 standard orbicular, deeply emarginate, reflexed, furnished at base of the blade with two 

 infolded ear-shaped appendages covering 2 prominent callosites; wing-petals oblique, ob- 

 long, slightly auriculate at base of blade on the upper side, free, as long as the broad obtuse 

 incurved keel-petals; stamens 10, the superior stamen free, filling the slit in the tube formed 

 by the union of the others; filaments filiform; anthers of the same length, oblong, uniform: 

 ovary sessile or slightly stipitate, pilose; style inflexed, bearded above the middle; stigma 

 thick and fleshy, depressed-capitate; ovules numerous, suspended from the inner angle of 

 the ovary, superposed. Legume oblique, compressed, glandular-hairy, light brown, 2- 

 valved, often tipped with the remnants of the long persistent style, 1-5-seeded, the valves 

 thick and coriaceous, becoming unequally and interruptedly convex at maturity. Seeds 

 broad-ovoid, slightly angled on the ventral side, suspended by a short thick funicle, with- 

 out albumen; seed-coat thin, membranaceous, bright chestnut-brown and lustrous; em- 

 bryo filling the cavity of the seed; cotyledons thick and fleshy, accumbent on the short 

 incurved radicle. 



The genus is represented by a single species of southern Arizona, California, and 

 northwestern Mexico. 



Olneya is in memory of Stephen T. Olney (1812-1878), author of a catalogue of the 

 plants of Rhode Island. 



1. Olneya tesota A. Gray. Ironwood. 



Leaves l'-2|' long, with leaflets |'-f in length, appearing in June and persistent until 

 the following spring. Flowers unfolding with the leaves, nearly \' long. Fruit light 



