724 



TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



County; Arizona, Oak Creek and Sycamore Canons, near Flagstaff, Coconino County, 

 (P. Lowell), Copper Canon, west of Camp Verde, Yavapai County, and on the Final and 

 Santa Catalina Mountains. 

 Passing into 



Rhamnus crocea var. insularis Sarg. 



A form with larger less prominently toothed leaves sometimes 3' long and 1|' wide, 

 rather larger flowers, with shorter and broader calyx-lobes a less deeply divided style, 



Fig. 650 



and larger fruits. A tree often growing to the height of 25-30, flowering later than the 

 var. Uicifolia, and not uncommon on the islands of the Santa Barbara group and on 

 the mountains of the adjacent mainland. A form (f. pttosa Trel.) with narrow revolute 

 leaves densely pilose throughout, occurs in the Santa Maria valley of the mountains near 

 San Diego. 



2. Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. Indian Cherry. 



Leaves deciduous, elliptic-oblong or broad-elliptic, acute or acuminate, cuneate or some- 

 what rounded at base, remotely and obscurely serrate, or crenulate, densely coated when 

 they unfold with rusty brown tomentum, and at maturity thin, dark yellow-green above, 

 paler below, glabrous or somewhat hairy on the lower surface, 2'-6' long and 1' to nearly 

 2' wide, with a prominent yellow midrib and about 6 pairs of conspicuous yellow primary 

 veins; turning yellow in the autumn before falling; petioles slender, pubescent, \' to nearly 

 1' in length; stipules nearly triangular. Flowers appearing from April to June when the 

 leaves are almost fully grown, on slender pedicels about \' long, in few-flowered pubescent 

 umbels, on peduncles varying from \'-\' in length; calyx 5-lobed, with a narrow 7 turbinate 

 tube and triangular lobes; petals 5, broad-ovate, deeply notched at apex and folded round 

 the short stamens; ovary contracted into a long columnar style terminating in a slightly 3- 

 lobed stigma. Fruit ripening in September and sometimes remaining on the branches until 

 the beginning of winter, globose, \' in diameter, black, with thin sweet rather dry flesh and 

 2-4 nutlets; seeds obtuse at apex, rounded on the back, reddish brown, about \' long. 



A tree, 30-40 high, with a trunk 6'-8' in diameter, small spreading unarmed branches, 

 and slender branchlets light red-brown and puberulent or covered with a glaucous bloom 

 when they first appear, becoming slightly angled, gray, and glabrous, and marked during 

 their second season by the small horizontal oval leaf-scars; more often a tall shrub, with 

 numerous stems 15-20 high. Winter-buds naked, hoary-tomentose. Bark of the trunk 

 about $' thick, slightly furrowed, ashy gray and often marked by large black blotches. 

 Wood rather hard, light, close-grained, not strong, light brown, with lighter colored sap- 

 wood of 5 or 6 layers of annual growth. 



