TREES OP NORTH AMERICA 



1. Leaves in 5-leaved clusters. 



* Cones long-stalked, their scales thin, unarmed. 

 h Wings longer than the seeds. 



1. Finns Strobus, L. White Pine. 



Leaves soft bluish green, whitened on the ventral side by 3-5 bands of stomata, 

 3'-5' long, mostly turning yellow and falling in September in their second season, 



or persistent until 

 the following June. 

 Flowers: stami- 

 nate yellow, pistil- 

 late bright pink, 

 with purple scale 

 margins. Fruit 

 fully grown by July 

 1st of the sec- 

 ond season, o'-ll' 

 long, opening and 

 discharging its 

 seeds in September ; 

 seeds narrowed at 

 the ends, \' long, 

 red-brown mottled 

 with black, about 

 one fourth as long 

 as their wings. 



A tree, while 



young with slender horizontal or slightly ascending branches in regular whorls 

 usually of 5 branches; at maturity often 100, occasionally 250 high, with a tall 

 straight stem 3-4 or rarely 6 in diameter; when crowded in the forest with 

 short branches forming a narrow head, or rising above its forest companions with 

 long lateral branches sweeping upward in graceful curves, the upper branches 

 ascending and forming a broad open irregular head, and slender branchlets coated 

 at first with rusty tomentum, soon glabrous, and orange-brown in their first winter. 

 Bark on young stems and branches thin, smooth, green tinged with red, lustrous 

 during the summer, becoming l'-2' thick on old trunks and deeply divided by shal- 

 low fissures into broad connected ridges covered with small closely appressed pur- 

 plish scales. Wood light, not strong, straight-grained, easily worked, light brown 

 often slightly tinged with red ; largely manufactured into lumber, shingles, and 

 laths, used in construction, for cabinet-making, the interior finish of buildings, 

 woodenware, matches, and the masts of vessels. 



Distribution. Newfoundland to Manitoba, through the northern states to Penn- 

 sylvania, Illinois, and Iowa, and along the Alleghany Mountains to eastern Kentucky 

 and Tennessee and northern Georgia, forming nearly pure forests on sandy drift 

 soils, or more often in small groves scattered in forests of deciduous-leaved trees on 

 fertile well-drained soil, also on the banks of streams, river flats, or rarely in swamps. 

 Largely planted as an ornament of parks and gardens in the eastern states, and 

 in many European countries, where it grows with vigor and rapidity. 



