CONIFERS 



21 



slender incurved mostly deciduous prickles, becoming light yellow-brown at matu- 

 rity, remaining closed tor one or two years and after opening long-persistent on the 

 branches ; seeds nearly tri- 

 angular, often ridged be- 

 low, full and rounded at the 

 sides, I' long, with a thin 

 nearly black roughened 

 shell produced into a wide 

 border, and wings broadest 

 ;it the middle, gradually 

 narrowed at the ends, f 

 long, y wide. 



A tree, usually 40-50 

 or occasionally 70-80 

 high, with a short trunk 

 sometimes 3 but generally 

 not more than 2 in diame- 

 ter, stout often contorted branches more or less pendulous at the extremities, form- 

 ing an open round-topped head, and slender branchlets dark green when they first 

 appear, becoming dark orange color during their first winter and dark brown or 

 often nearly black at the end of four or five years. Bark of the trunk '-?-' thick, 

 dark red-brown and irregularly divided by narrow shallow fissures into small plates 

 separating on the surface into thin closely appressed scales. Wood very resinous, 

 heavy, soft, brittle, coarse-grained, dark orange color, with thick pale yellow sap- 

 wood ; occasionally manufactured into lumber. In the coast region of North Caro- 

 lina turpentine is produced from this tree. 



Distribution. Low wet flats or sandy or peaty swamps ; North Carolina southward 

 near the coast to the banks of the .St. John's River, Florida. 



++Cones unsymmelrical by the excessive development of the scales on the outside. 



21. Pinus radiata, D. Don. Monterey Pine. 



Leaves in 3 rarely in 2-leaved clusters, slender, bright rich green, 4'-6' long, 



mostly deciduous during 

 their third season. Flow- 

 ers : staminate in dense 

 spikes, yellow ; pistillate 

 clustered, dark purple. 

 Fruit oval, pointed at the 

 apex, very oblique at the 

 base, short-stalked, deflexed, 

 3'-5' long, becoming deep 

 chestnut-brown and lustrous, 

 with scales much thickened 

 and mammillate toward the 

 base on the outer side of the 

 cone, thinner on the inner 

 side and at its apex, and 

 armed with minute thickened incurved or straight prickles, long-persistent and 



