30 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



deciduous prickles; seeds nearly triangular, full and rounded on the sides, about 

 T 3 g ' long, with a thin pale brown hard shell conspicuously mottled with black, their 

 wings broadest near the middle, \' long, \' wide. 



A tree, usually 80-100 occasionally 120 high, with a tall slightly tapering trunk 

 3-4 in diameter, a short pyramidal truncate head of comparatively slender branches, 

 and stout brittle pale green or violet-colored branchlets covered at first with a glau- 

 cous bloom, becoming dark red-brown tinged with purple before the end of the first 

 season, their bark beginning in the third year to separate into large scales. Bark of 

 the trunk f '-!' thick and broken into large irregularly shaped plates covered with 

 small closely appressed light cinnamon-red scales. Wood very variable in quality, 

 and in the thickness of the nearly white sapwood, heavy, hard, strong and usually 

 coarse-grained, orange-colored or yellow-brown; largely manufactured into lumber. 



Distribution. Staten Island, New York, to North Florida and to West Virginia 

 and eastern Tennessee, and through the Gulf states to eastern Louisiana, and 

 southern Missouri to eastern Texas; most abundant and of its largest size west of 

 the Mississippi River. 



30. Pinus Virginiana, Mill. Jersey Pine. Scrub Pine. 



Leaves in remote clusters, stout, gray-green, l^'-3' long, marked by many 

 rows of minute stomata, gradually and irregularly deciduous during their third and 

 fourth years. Flowers : staminate in crowded clusters, orange-brown; pistillate 

 on opposite spreading peduncles near the middle of the shoots of the year, gener- 

 ally a little below and alternate with 1 or 2 lateral branchlets, pale green, the scale- 



tips tinged with rose color. Fruit oblong-conical, often curved, dark green and lus- 

 trous, with thin nearly flat scales, bright red-brown umbos and stout or slender 

 persistent prickles, 2'-3' long, becoming dark red-brown, opening in the autumn 

 and slowly shedding their seeds, turning dark reddish brown, and remaining on the 

 branches for three or four years; seeds nearly oval, full and rounded, \' long, with a 

 thin pale brown rough shell, their wings broadest at the middle, ' long, about ^' wide. 

 A tree, usually 30-40 high, with a short trunk rarely more than 18' in diame- 

 ter, long horizontal or pendulous branches in remote whorls forming a broad open 

 often flat-topped pyramid, and slender tough flexible branchlets at first pale green 

 or green tinged with purple and covered with a glaucous bloom, becoming purple 



