CONIFERS 



95 



houses, the lining of closets and chests for the preservation of woolens against the 

 attacks of moths, and largely for pails and other small articles of woodenware. A 

 decoction of the fruit and leaves is used in medicine, and oil of red cedar distilled 

 from the leaves and wood as a perfume. 



Distribution. Dry gravelly slopes and rocky ridges, often immediately on the sea- 

 coast, from southern Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to the coast of Georgia, the 

 interior of southern Alabama and Mississippi, and westward to the valley of the 

 lower Ottawa River, eastern Dakota, eastern Nebraska and Kansas, the Indian Ter- 

 ritory and eastern Texas, not ascending the mountains of New England and New 

 York nor the high southern Alleghanies; in middle Kentucky and Tennessee, and 

 northern Alabama and Mississippi, covering great areas of low rolling limestone hills 

 with nearly pure forests of small bushy trees. 



Often cultivated in the northern and eastern states as an ornamental tree and 

 occasionally in the gardens of western and central Europe. 



10. Juniperus Barbadensis, L. Red Cedar. 



Leaves opposite in pairs, narrow, acute or gradually narrowed above the middle 

 and acuminate, marked on the back by conspicuous oblong glands. Flowers open- 

 ing in early March, staminate elongated, ' to nearly \' long, with 10 or 12 stamens, 

 their connectives rounded, entire, and bearing usually 3 pollen-sacs; pistillate with 

 scales gradually narrowed above the middle, acute at the apex, and obliterated from 



the ripe fruit. Fruit subglobose, dark blue, covered when ripe with a glaucous 

 bloom, usually about ' in diameter, with a thin epidermis, sweet resinous flesh, 

 and usually 2 seeds. 



A tree, sometimes 50 high, with a trunk occasionally 2 in diameter, small branches 

 erect when the tree is crowded in the forest, spreading when it has grown in open 

 ground and forming a broad flat-topped head often 30 or 40 in diameter, long 

 thin secondary branches erect at the top of the tree and pendulous below, and 

 slender 4-angled pendulous branchlets becoming light red-brown or ashy gray at the 

 end of four or five years after the disappearance of the leaves. Bark thin, light 

 red-brown, separating into long thin scales. Wood light, close, straight-grained, 



