96 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



fragrant, dull red; formerly exclusively used in the manufacture of the best lead 

 pencils. 



Distribution. Inundated river swamps from southern Georgia, southward to the 

 shores of the Indian River, Florida, and on the west coast of Florida from the north- 

 ern shores of Charlotte Harbor to the valley of the Appalachicola River, often forming 

 great thickets under the shade of larger trees; common on the Bahamas, San Do- 

 mingo, the mountains of Jamaica, and Antigua. 



Often planted for the decoration of squares and cemeteries in the cities and towns 

 in the neighborhood of the coast from Florida to western Louisiana, and now often 

 naturalized on the Gulf coast; occasionally cultivated in the temperate countries of 

 Europe, and in cultivation the most beautiful of the Junipers. 



11. Juniperus scopulorum, Sarg. Red Cedar. 



Leaves opposite in pairs, closely appressed, acute or acuminate, marked on the 

 back by obscure elongated glands, dark green, or often pale and very glaucous. 

 Flowers : staminate with about 6 stamens, their connectives rounded and entire, 



bearing 4 or 5 anther-sacs ; scales of the pistillate flower spreading, acute or acumi- 

 nate, and obliterated from the mature fruit. Fruit ripening at the end of the second 

 season, nearly globose, \'-\' in diameter, bright blue, with a thin epidermis covered 

 with a glaucous bloom, sweet resinous flesh, and 1 or usually 2 seeds; seeds acute, 

 prominently grooved and angled, about T 3 ^' long, with a thick bony outer coat and a 

 small 2-lobed hilum. 



A tree, 30-40 high, with a short stout trunk sometimes 3 in diameter, often 

 divided near the ground into a number of stout spreading stems, thick spread- 

 ing and ascending branches covered with scaly bark, forming an irregular round- 

 topped head, and slender 4-angled branchlets becoming at the end of three or four 

 years terete and clothed with smooth pale bark separating later into thin scales. 

 Bark dark reddish brown or gray tinged with red, divided by shallow fissures 

 into narrow flat connected ridges broken on the surface into persistent shredded 

 scales. 



Distribution. Scattered often singly over dry rocky ridges, except near the 

 coast usually at elevations of more than 5000 above the sea, from the eastern foot- 



